1. Plane Spotting – do you know these airlines?1 2
British Airways
American Airlines
Air Canada
United Airlines 3 4
Plane Spotting – do you know these airlines?

2. All these planes fly transatlantic.
British Airways
American Airlines
All these planes fly transatlantic.
How they use the weather to hitch a lift?
Air Canada
United Airlines

3. Flying in the jetstream

8. What do you think the diagram shows?

9. Key idea: Global atmospheric circulation helps to determine patterns of weather and climate
General atmospheric circulation model: pressure belts, surface winds and tropical storms

10. General atmospheric circulation model:
pressure belts, surface winds and tropical storms

11. General atmospheric circulation model:
pressure belts, surface winds and tropical storms
Up to 4: Describe how the atmospheric circulation model involves the movement of air in 6 cells around the world.
5/6: Name the cells in the atmospheric circulation model. Describe how the air moves as part of these cells and begin to explain why. Give a brief description of how this affects weather and climate.
7+: Name the cells in the atmospheric circulation model. Give a detailed description and explanation of their characteristics and features. Provide a clear description and explanation of how this affects weather and climate.

15. A. Winds on the ground are distorted by the Earth’s rotation – this is known as the Coriolis Effect. The curve as they move from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure.
B. At 30⁰N and30⁰S of the equator the cool air sinks, creating a high pressure belt with cloudless skies and very low rainfall.
C. Air that is rising from the ground surface forms areas of low pressure. Surface winds on the ground move towards these areas of low pressure.
D. At 60⁰N and60⁰S of the equator the warner surface winds meet colder air from the poles. The warmer air is less dense than the cold air, so it rises, creating low pressure belts.
E. At the equator the sun warms the Earth, which transfers heat to the air above, causing it to rise. This creates a low pressure belt with rising air, clouds and air.
F. Surface winds blowing towards the poles are called westerlies. They blow from the NW in the southern hemisphere and from the SW in the northern hemisphere.
G. Surface winds blowing towards the equator are called trade winds. They blow from the SE in the southern hemisphere and from the NE in the northern hemisphere.
H. Air that is sinking towards the ground surface forms areas of high pressure. Surface winds on the ground move outwards from these areas.

16. Air pressure in action!

18. A. Winds on the ground are distorted by the Earth’s rotation – this is known as the Coriolis Effect. The curve as they move from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure. 6
B. At 30⁰N and30⁰S of the equator the cool air sinks, creating a high pressure belt with cloudless skies and very low rainfall. 4
C. Air that is rising from the ground surface forms areas of low pressure. Surface winds on the ground move towards these areas of low pressure. 7
D. At 60⁰N and60⁰S of the equator the warner surface winds meet colder air from the poles. The warmer air is less dense than the cold air, so it rises, creating low pressure belts. 3
E. At the equator the sun warms the Earth, which transfers heat to the air above, causing it to rise. This creates a low pressure belt with rising air, clouds and air. 1
F. Surface winds blowing towards the poles are called westerlies. They blow from the NW in the southern hemisphere and from the SW in the northern hemisphere. 8
G. Surface winds blowing towards the equator are called trade winds. They blow from the SE in the southern hemisphere and from the NE in the northern hemisphere. 2
H. Air that is sinking towards the ground surface forms areas of high pressure. Surface winds on the ground move outwards from these areas. 5

19. Global Atmospheric Circulation:
recap

20. General atmospheric circulation model:
pressure belts, surface winds and tropical storms

22. Study figure 1, a diagram showing global atmospheric circulation.
Describe the movement of air in the Hadley cells (4)
L1 1-2 marks: General idea about air rising and falling in a circular motion.
L2 3-4 marks: As L1, but with detail of rising at equator and falling towards 30⁰N&S. Information on air pressure for 4 marks.

23. Study figure 1, a diagram showing global atmospheric circulation.
Describe the movement of air around the planet (6)
L1 1-4 marks: Description of how some air cells move – uses information in figure 1.
L2 5-6 marks: Additional information about Ferrel cells and Polar cells added. Must mention high and low pressure to access L2.

24. Study figure 1, a diagram showing global atmospheric circulation.
Explain how the global atmospheric system affects the weather and climate of the planet (8)
L1 1-4 marks: Description of how some air cells move – uses information in figure 1.
L2 5-6 marks: Begins to link to how the circulation affects the climate, although partial coverage. Adds additional information about Ferrel and Polar cells.
L3 7-8 marks: Clear link to how all 3 cells affect climate.

25. Find out how a shifting jetstream can affect the weather patterns of the UK

26. 3 cells in the global atmospheric circulation model
2 names of winds in the atmospheric circulation model
1 name for the fast flowing air between the cells.

27. Key idea: Global atmospheric circulation helps to determine patterns of weather and climate
General atmospheric circulation model: pressure belts, surface winds and tropical storms