1. Bacon’s Rebellion What was the significance of Bacon’s Rebellion?
Claim: Bacon’s Rebellion was significant because…
Evidence: 3 facts
Analysis: Why is this important to the study of American History?

2. The Puritans and Pilgrims: Religious Freedom
The New England Colonies
What do you Know?
You will remember that this set of notes had no background, plain fonts, and little color. It is in the style of puritan life...

4. Lesson Frame
We will learn how the New England colonies were settled and how they were organized.
We will compare and contrast New England with Jamestown

5. New England Colonies

6. New England Colonies Settled by people seeking RELIGIOUS FREEDOM
Pilgrims
Puritans
Talk about King Henry VIII and the establishment of the Anglican Church (Divorce, separate from Pope, but worship is still mostly Catholic). Remind about Martin Luther & Reformation. Exact opposite of Jamestown: families, hardworking people

7. PILGRIMS Plymouth Colony
Separatists: goal=separate from the Catholic Church and England
Small group of extreme SEPARATISTS. Want to separate from the Anglican Church, very extreme. Don’t believe you can save the Anglican Church, the only way is to get out. First to Holland, but Dutch too liberal. Go back to England, then to Virginia, but blown off course and end up in Mass. Plymouth Colony (Thanksgiving)

8. MAYFLOWER COMPACT
First written document to establish government by the consent of the governed (Compact= a
Contract)
MAJORITY RULE
Less than 100 and soon absorbed by the much larger Puritan colony of Mass. Bay. Important because of this: before getting off boat, set rules signed by all men (ONLY men)—before we decide things, meet, vote, majority rule by show of hands. Build own government (foreshadow Revolution). FIRST WRITTEN FORM OF GOVERNMENT IN NORTH AMERICA (House of Burgesses=first elected body, represent but not written
PRIMARY SOURCE: MAYFLOWER COMPACT handout with questions. PSA: Signing of the Mayflower Compact: Description: Passengers of the Mayflower signing the "Mayflower Compact" including Carver, Winston, Alden, Myles Standish, Howland, Bradford, Allerton, and Fuller. Jean Leon Gerome Ferris, artist.

9. Massachusetts Bay Colony PURITANS
Goal=purify (change) the Church of England
1630
Purify the Church (not leave it)—get rid of indulgences, art, stained glass windows, priest’s robes, bare church. Don’t want to leave England, but political clashes with the English government force them to look for somewhere else to live. (English Civil War—Oliver Cromwell (Roundheads vs. Cavaliers) beheads King Charles. After the king is restored to power, Puritans run. Massachusetts Bay=present day Mass & Maine.
PREDESTINATION

10. Massachusetts Bay Colony
Bring Family/Well prepared
Hard Working
Religion dominates all aspects of society:
Covenant Community(church authority)
Intolerant
Strict beliefs, come with kids, well-prepared (doctors, farmers, tools, supplies). Unlike Jamestown—why?
(bring families not just men, come to escape religious persecution, not money.)

16. With your partner
How was this different than Jamestown?

17. John Winthrop Governor- Mass. Bay Colony Wrote City on the Hill
Goal=purify (change) the Church of England (get rid of any Roman Catholic tradition)
Governer of Mass Bay—re-elected for 30 years. Est. Boston as port. Famous sermon: “City on the Hill” Be an example. Hill is a metaphor: Everyone can see you, so everyone looks up to us as Everyone should think “They’re perfect, so should be like them) perfect example so God will delight in us and bless us. Eyes of all people are upon us, if we fail God will withdraw and punish us and everyone in the world will laugh at us. (no respect) Values: good things (harvest, healthy baby, make money) because of God’s blessings. Otherwise God is punishing us because I have done somehting wrong (not bad luck). Not a lot of free will, all Godn’s will(Constantly interfering God)

18. City on a Hill
“We shall be as a city upon a hill, the eyes of the people are upon us; so that if we shall [behave badly] and cause God to withdraw his help from us, we shall [invite] the mouths of enemies to speak evil of the ways of God, and cause their prayer to be turned to curses upon us.”

19. Religious Dissent
Even though they came for religious freedom, they did NOT tolerate other points of view
Can’t be associated with sinners or we will all be cast out by God. Anything bad that happens is the devil, magic and religion. Leads eventually (1893) to Salem witch trials.

20. Roger Williams
Preached that people should buy not take land from Natives
Freedom of religion
Founded Rhode Island
Said: I don’t think you should punish people because they don’t go to church all the time, or think differently. Lighten up—more freedom. They said, you think differently—get out. Rhode Island (Providence=capital, means Heaven or God). Encouraged anyone to come. Free to worship any way or not at all—do what you want. Puritans called it the “gutter of New England” b/c it was filled with people they kicked out.

21. Anne Hutchinson
People can interpret the Bible for themselves- kicked out
Killed in Native American/Dutch dispute in NY
Oh, no, a woman with opinions. (16 kids) Crazy idea: you don’t need to go to church to be told what the bible means. Everyone can read it themselves and figure it out. Threatened Puritan order & way of life—to not go to church and think for yourself=chaos. Also a WOMAN got up in public and spoke her mind. Kick her out. Goes to New Hampshire. A few years later is killed in Indian attack. John Winthrop (who?), said God had punished her for thinking and saying those things. (Puritans are very black and white)

22. Relationship between Puritans and Native Americans
At first, helped each other
How to plant corn, other crops
(Thanksgiving)
Already their when colonists come. First good relations, but didn’t last

23. Threats to Native Americans
Take their LAND
Force their laws and RELIGION
Threat to way of life

24. Native American Resistance
Colonial Expansion leads to Native American wars
Pequot War-1637, ends in total defeat of the Pequot, and tribe’s civilization is wiped out in brutal war (Connecticut)
Puritans try to impose their lifestyle, laws and religion. Massachusetts Bay—defeat of Pequot opens Connecticut up for settlers

25. Native American Resistance
King Philip’s War
Metacom leads an alliance of Native Americans to try to stop settlers from expanding into their territory
English win after fighting more than a year
At first a lot of victories against the settlers, but number of settlers, guns and disease wear them down and they lose. Last time resistance by Native Americans in the Northeast. Keep getting pushed out and back and no more fighting back. Established a shameful pattern that happens over and over again. White settlers take their land, confine them to reservations until nearly destroyed entire civilization of people. Almost no more full-blooded Native Americans today. Black stain on our history.

26. Process
Use a Venn Diagram to compare/contrast the colonies of Virginia (Jamestown) and New England (Massachusetts) Think about:
1.Where did they come from?
2. What kind of people went to each place?
3. Why did they go to the New World?
4. What type of interactions did they have with Native Americans?
5. What type of dissent (disagreement) did they face from their own colonists?