2. Analyzing Globular Clusters
Minyoung Jang Elise Pasoreck
Shankar Iyer

3. A Sample Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram

4. M13—V Filter Image
M13—B Filter Image

6. T(kK) = (12.88)(CI + 1)-1.61 kiloKelvins
tavg(years) = ( x 1028)T-4.93 years
Range:
926 million –
5.44 billion
TwinJet Nebula

7. Jedi Masters

8. Pluto and the Cosmological Constant
Doug Swanson, Sheila Prakash, Vicky Lent

9. History of the Cosmological Constant
Concept developed in 1917 by Einstein to make the universe static
Cosmological constant (Λ) initially negative
Discarded in 1929 after Hubble discovered the red shift of distant galaxies
However, recent evidence indicates Λ may exist, but with positive value

10. Every object in the universe should be affected by Λ
Since Pluto is the farthest easily measured object from the Sun, we chose it to observe

11. Procedure Λ < 8.51 x 10-62 rad2/kg
Took 4 exposures of Pluto from 7/31 to 8/6
Aligned pictures with imaging software
Measured Pluto’s linear and angular velocity (ω)
Calculated upper limit for cosmological constant
Λ < 8.51 x rad2/kg

13. Crescent Nebula

14. What elements are in the star?
Project Vega
What elements are in the star?
Abigail Huang Gary Yen

15. Self Guided Spectrometer
Pick up your diffraction gratings!

16. Spectra!

17. Vega Spectrum

18. Wavelengths of Spectral Lines
Accepted (A)
3889 HI
3934 Ca K
3970 HI
4861 HI
5169 FeII
6562 HI
6869 O2
Experimental (A)
3350 HI
3660 Ca K
3930 HI
4860 HI
5170 FeII
6570 HI
6830 O2
% Error
-13.9%
-6.96%
-1.01%
reference
0.0193%
-0.568%
Total Error: -4.48%

19. Project Vega Successful collection of spectrum -4.48% error of lines
Vega – H(I), Ca, Fe(II),O2
Horsehead Nebula

20. Cone Nebula

21. Mark Saigh
Chang Kim

22. Powered by Supermassive Black Hole
What is a Quasar?
A Type of Active Galaxy
Powered by Supermassive Black Hole

23. Can You Identify the Quasar
in This Field of View?
(Fuhgetaboutit!)

24. How to Identify a Quasar
Look for a Redshift

25. How to Identify a Quasar (continued)
Broad Emission Lines
Few Absorption Lines

26. 3C345: Our Quasar
You may notice that 3C345 is quite atypical, not only in its brightness, but also in its appearance:

27. Quasar 3C345 Right Ascension: 16h 42´58´
Variable Magnitude of 15 to 17
Declination: +39º 48´36"
Detected Redshift: 0.595
39º 48´36"

28. Obtained Spectral Data
Spectral Lines of Quasar 3C345 Compared to That of Mercury
Wavelength vs. Intensity Spectral Graph

29. Analysis Broad Absorption Lines
Not Comparable to a Typical Quasar Spectrum
Not Stellar in Nature
A Galactic Object or an Atypical Quasar

30. Conclusion High Magnitude and Low Redshift: Relatively Close to Earth
Not as Old as Typical Quasar
Might Mean 3C345 is in Process of Evolving into Active Galaxy

31. Conclusions Age of the Milky Way ≈ 5.44 billion years
Λ < 8.51 x rad2 / kg
Vega is composed of: H(I), Ca, Fe(II), O2
Quasar 3C345 is evolving into an active galaxy.

32. Acknowledgements
We would like to thank the following institutions and people for enabling us to conduct this research:
The State of New Jersey
Drew University
Dr. David Miyamoto
Dr. Keith Andrew
Karen Mooney