1. 4 Different Parenting Styles and their Effects on Children

2. 1st Parenting Style: AUTHORITARIAN
Expect children to follow strict rules
Does not explain why rules should be obeyed
Punish children who disobey rules
Are controlling/power-oriented
Use verbal threats or spanking

3. 1st Parenting Style: AUTHORITARIAN
Effects of Parenting Style on Child:
Obedient
Proficient (good at what they do)
may view parent as enemy
May be confused about what is right/wrong
Have  levels happiness & self-esteem compared to children who do not have authoritarian parents

4. 2nd Parenting Style: PERMISSIVE
Has no firm rules, lenient
Accepts child as he/she is
Disciplines through love, praise and affection
Child can do no wrong
Communicates and nurtures child
Acts more like a friend than parent

5. 2nd Parenting Style: PERMISSIVE
Effects of Parenting Style on Child:
Dependent
Irresponsible / lack self-control
Immature
Experiences problems with authority
Experiences problems in school (i.e. completing projects)

6. 3rd Parenting Style: UNINVOLVED
Makes few demands
Low responsiveness to child
Detached from child, but fulfills his/her basic needs
In extreme cases parents REJECT or NEGLECT needs of child

7. 3rd Parenting Style: UNINVOLVED
Effects of Parenting Style on Child:
Feel neglected / abandoned, have  self-esteem
Lack self-control

8. 4th Parenting Style: DEMOCRATIC
Responsive
Supportive of child’s decisions
Guides and shows by example
Willing to discuss choices they or their child makes and the reasoning behind these choices
Disciplinary methods are nurturing & forgiving ≠ punitive
Want child to be socially responsible, self-regulated, cooperative

9. 4th Parenting Style: DEMOCRATIC
Effects of Parenting Style on Child:
Good decision makers
Independent, but seek help when needed
Happy
Capable
Successful

10. Questions Which parenting style is the most effective?
Democratic ✔
Uninvolved ✗
Permissive ≈
Authoritarian ≈
What if parents do not share the same parenting style?
Need to have complementary parenting styles
Authoritarian + Permissive

11. Authoritarian
Democratic
Uninvolved
Permissive

12. Family System Theory
Families are considered systems because they are made up of interrelated elements or objectives, they exhibit coherent behaviors, they have regular interactions, and they are interdependent on one another.
The Components of Family Systems Theory are as follows:
Family Systems…
Have interrelated elements and structure.
The elements of a system are the members of the family. Each element has characteristics; there are relationships between the elements; the relationships function in an interdependent manner. All of these create a structure, or the sum total of the interrelationships among the elements, including membership in a system and the boundary between the system and its environment.

13. Family System Theory cont’d
use messages and rules to shape members.
Messages and rules are relationships agreements which prescribe and limit a family members’ behavior over time. They are repetitive and redundant. They are rarely, if ever, explicit or written down. They give power; they induce guilt; they control or limit behaviors; and they perpetuate themselves and reproduce. Most messages and rules can be stated in one or a few words. For example, More is good, Be responsible, and Be Perfect are all examples of messages/rules.
have subsystems. Every family systems contains a number of small groups usually made up of 2-3 people. The relationships between these people are known as subsystems, coalitions, or alliances. Each subsystem has its own rules, boundaries, and unique characteristics. Membership in subsystems can change over time.
• function by the Composition Law: the Whole is More than the Sum of Its Parts. Every family system, even though it is made up of individual elements, results in an organic whole. Overall family images and themes are reflected in this holistic quality. Unique behaviors may be ascribed to the entire system that do not appropriately describe individual elements.

14. Video Clips

15. The Cosby Show

16. The Fresh Prince of Bel Air