1. Inductive vs. Deductive Reasoning

2. Inductive Reasoning
Inductive Reasoning, involves going from a series of specific cases to a general statement. The conclusion in an inductive argument is never guaranteed.

3. Inductive Reasoning
Example: What is the next number in the sequence 6, 13, 20, 27,…

4. Deductive Reasoning
Deductive Reasoning – A type of logic in which one goes from a general statement to a specific instance.

5. Deductive Reasoning The classic example:
All men are mortal. (major premise)
Socrates is a man. (minor premise)
Therefore, Socrates is mortal. (conclusion)

6. Inductive vs. Deductive
Jalen said, “I've noticed that every time I kick a ball up, it comes back down, so I guess this next time when I kick it up, it will come back down, too.”
Emily said, “That's Newton's Law. Everything which goes up must come down. And so, if you kick the ball up, it must come down.”

7. Inductive Deductive I take IN the observation and draw a conclusion.
Think: I = INFERENCE!
Moves from general observations to specific conclusions.
I DRAW a conclusion and look for facts/evidence to prove I’m right.

8. Inductive involves a pattern and what could happen.
Specific to general ideas.
Considered the least reliable reasoning, test questions will require identifying inductive or deductive.

9. Deductive involves an assumed truth or fact.
General to specific ideas.
Test questions will require identifying not only deductive, but deductive and logical.

10. Examples Young children read comic strips.
Teenagers read comic strips.
Adults read comic strips.
Therefore, ________________________.

11. Examples The beach roads are jammed with traffic every Memorial Day.
The beach roads are jammed with traffic every July 4th.
The beach roads are jammed with traffic every Labor Day.
Therefore, _________________________.

12. Examples All lawyers must pass a bar exam. Barbara Smith is a lawyer.
Therefore, ____________________.

13. Examples All ninth graders must take English I.
Sarah is a ninth grader.
Therefore, ____________________.