1. ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION

2. Agenda
We will explore ecological succession.
I will explain the difference between primary and secondary succession.

3. ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION NOTES
Primary Succession:
When does it occur?
Pioneer Species:
Ex:
Secondary Succession:

4. Ecological Succession

5. Ecological Succession:
Series of environmental changes that occur in a predictable way.

6. Types of Succession
Primary Succession
And
Secondary Succession

7. Primary Succession Begins in a place without any soil
Sides of volcanoes
Glacier recession
Starts with the arrival of living things such as lichens that do not need soil to survive
Called PIONEER SPECIES

8. The Island of Surtsey… Example of Primary Succession New Land Formed from an Underwater Volcano

10. Primary Succession
Soil starts to form as lichens and the forces of weather and erosion help break down rocks into smaller pieces
When lichens die, they decompose, adding small amounts of organic matter to the rock to make soil

11. Primary Succession
Simple plants like mosses and ferns can grow in the new soil

12. Primary Succession
Insects, small birds, and mammals have begun to move in
What was once bare rock now supports a variety of life

13. Secondary Succession New plant life that occurs after all plant life has been destroyed. (Soil still intact)

14. Secondary Succession
Begins in a place that already has soil and was once the home of living organisms
Occurs faster and has different pioneer species than primary succession
Example: after forest fires

18. Result of Both = Climax Community
A stable group of plants and animals that is the end result of the succession process
Does not always mean big trees
Grasses in prairies
Cacti in deserts

19. create & complete the venn diagram
Primary
Secondary

20. You Have 5 Minutes to Complete this Section!
After reading each scenario, decide if the description is primary or secondary succession.
Place a P by the primary examples and a S by the secondary examples.

21. Read each description and decided whether it is primary or secondary succession.
An old house was torn down. Small plants and grasses grew in a vacant lot. Over the next few years, bushes and tree seedlings began to grow.
An undersea volcano erupted and formed a small island. Mosses and lichens began to grow on the bare volcanic rock.
A logging company cut down all the large spruce trees in an area of forest. After the area was cleared, spruce seedlings began to sprout. Animals returned to the area.
A wildfire broke out across the California area and continued to spread for several days. As a result, many plants and crops were destroyed and animals for forced to find new shelter.
A glacier retreats and leaves behind gravel deposits called moraine. The youngest moraines are populated with bacteria and fungi and will soon become lichens.

22. create & complete the venn diagram
Primary
Secondary
No Soil
No previous land
Formed from volcanoes, sand dunes, glacier recession
Slower than secondary
pioneer plants are first to grow
Soil is present
Preexisting land
Forms after human impact or natural disasters (fires, floods, tsunamis, hurricanes)
Faster than primary
No need for pioneer plants
progress to mature/ climax stage
types of succession
have biotic and abiotic factors

23. Read each description and decided whether it is primary or secondary succession.
__S____ An old house was torn down. Small plants and grasses grew in a vacant lot. Over the next few years, bushes and tree seedlings began to grow.
__P____ An undersea volcano erupted and formed a small island. Mosses and lichens began to grow on the bare volcanic rock.
___S___ A logging company cut down all the large spruce trees in an area of forest. After the area was cleared, spruce seedlings began to sprout. Animals returned to the area.
___S___ A wildfire broke out across the California area and continued to spread for several days. As a result, many plants and crops were destroyed and animals for forced to find new shelter.
____P__ A glacier retreats and leaves behind gravel deposits called moraine. The youngest moraines are populated with bacteria and fungi and will soon become lichens.

24. exit ticket Explain: How is primary succession like a homemade meal?
How is secondary succession like leftovers?