1. By: Dr. Nour-Eldin Mohammed Reference: Gerda van Wezel-Meijler

3. Adapted from Volpe (1989): Grade 1: germinal matrix haemorrhage with no or minimal IVH (<10% of ventricular area on parasagittal view) Grade 2: IVH (10–50% of the ventricular area on parasagittal view without Hydrocephalus) Grade 3: IVH (>50% of the ventricular area on parasagittal view with Hydrocephalus).

4. bilateral germinal matrix haemorrhage

9. According to van Wezel et al. and adapted according to Sie et al. (1998,2000): Grade 0: normal echogenicity of the periventricular white matter (the echogenicity of the periventricular white matter being less than that of the choroid plexus) Grade 1: moderately increased echogenicity of the periventricular white matter, the affected region (or smaller areas within the affected region) being almost as bright or as bright as the choroid plexus) Grade 2: seriously increased echogenicity, the affected region (or smaller areas within the affected region) being obviously brighter than the choroid plexus