1. South Dakota Forests

3. Forest Types Black Hills Flood Plain Forest Upland Forest
Windbreaks and urban forests

5. South Dakota Forests 1. Black Hills Forest
- Includes mostly ponderosa pine, aspen and spruce

6. Ponderosa Pine

7. Aspen

8. Aspen

9. Aspen

10. Spruce

11. Spruce

12. Spruce

13. South Dakota Forests 1. Black Hills Forest
- Includes mostly ponderosa pine, aspen and spruce
- Encompasses 1.3 million acres in the hills and outlying areas

15. Mountain Pine Beetle Epidemic

16. Mountain Pine Beetle Epidemic
Tunnel under bark of infected trees
Mate and lay up to 75 eggs under bark
Once hatched, larvae tunnel away from hatched site , feeding as they go

18. Mountain Pine Beetle Epidemic
First major outbreak in 1997
2006 – about 30% of the area infected
Estimated around 50% today
Estimated 370,000 acres of ponderosa pine have been affected in the last 10 years. (out of 1.5 million acres)

19. Mountain Pine Beetle Epidemic
Methods of control
Prescribed burning of affected areas
Thinning of forest and infected and threatened areas
Logging
Pile infected logs and burn or woodchip

23. South Dakota Forests 2. Flood Plain Forest
- Elm / Ash trees located along the Missouri river and tributaries

24. American Elm

25. Green Ash

27. South Dakota Forests 2. Flood Plain Forest
- Elm / Ash trees located along the Missouri river and tributaries
- Cottonwood trees along small rivers and streams

28. Cottonwood

29. Cottonwood

31. South Dakota Forests 2. Flood Plain Forest
- Elm / Ash trees located along the Missouri river and tributaries
- Cottonwood trees along small rivers and streams
- Total 175,000 acres

32. South Dakota Forests 3. Upland forests
- Eastern deciduous forest pockets ...
Newton Hills

41. South Dakota Forests 4. Windbreaks and Urban forests
- Planted by settlers

44. Forest - Prairie
Encroachment
Trees
Shrubs
Smooth Sumac

45. Forest - Prairie

46. Forest - Prairie