1. FP301 Object Oriented Programming
1.0
Introduction To OOP
2.0
Fundamentals Of Java Programming Language
3.0
Exception Handling
4.0
Classes, Inheritance And Polymorphism
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2. 1.0 INTRODUCTION TO OBJECT – ORIENTED PROGRAMMING (OOP)
Understand Java terminology and environment
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3. Learning Outcome Subtopic 1.3
FP301 OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
Learning Outcome Subtopic 1.3 1
Describe the history of Java technology 2
Explain the Java technology 3
Determine Java minimum specifications and platforms 4
Identify the key concept of Java programming language 5
Identify Java Technology product such as Standard, Enterprise and Mobile edition 6
Describe the basic tools in Java Development Kit
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4. FP301 OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
Cont... 7
Use the Java Technology API documentation to indicate the packages and classes available 8
Draw diagram and label models for both a compiled and an interpretative program 9
State anatomy of the Java program 10
Apply programming style and documentation in Java 11
Write a simple Java program 12
Compile and run the Java program 13
Troubleshoot the source code to identify errors
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5. History of Java Technology
FP301 OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
Intelligent consumer –electronic devices.
Sun Microsystem funded an internal corporate research project code named Green in 1991.
The project develop a new language based on C++ which it still maintain the minimum feature of C++.
The creator James Gosling called the new language as Oak named after an oak tree outside his window at Sun.
Later, they discovered that there already was a computer language called Oak.
When the Green team visited a local coffee place, the name Java suggested and it being used after that.
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6. Java Technology The Java technology is: A programming language
FP301 OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
The Java technology is:
A programming language
The syntax of Java programming language is similar to C++ syntax. Therefore, it is possible to develop all kind applications that can be create using any conventional programming language.
A development environment
Java technology provide a large suit of tools:
A compiler
An interpreter
A documentation generator
A class file packaging tool and so on.
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7. Cont….. An application environment
FP301 OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
An application environment
Java technology applications are standalone programs that do not require a web browser to execute.
A deployment environment
There are two main deployment environments.
First, the JRE supplied by the Java 2 Software Development Kit (Java 2 SDK) contains the complete set of class files for all of the Java technology packages which includes basic language classes, GUI component classes, an advanced Collections API and so on.
Second, is on your web browser.
Most commercial browsers supply a Java technology interpreter and runtime environment.
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8. Java minimum specifications and platforms
FP301 OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
Hardware requirements
Processor – recommended Pentium and above if you're running Windows, and a PowerMac for running the Mac OS.
Older machines, such as a 486 or a Mac Quadra, will work, but they will be slow. Anything slower than that could be a source of long waits and lots of frustration.
minimum of 16 megabytes of RAM.
Platforms & Operating Systems
The World Wide Web, and the Java language, run on a variety of platforms, including Windows, the Macintosh, and many Unix systems
Windows95
Unix and Windows are the platforms on which the Java effort has been the most focused. Consequently, Java seems to run more smoothly here. If you're using Windows95, we recommend using Netscape's Navigator 4.5 as your browser.
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9. Cont…..
FP301 OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
MacOS
With the release of Apple's MRJ ("Mac Runtime Java") v. 2.1, the Mac has caught up with and even passed the PC as the hot Java platform. Microsoft's Internet Explorer 4.0 will run with the MRJ 2.1.
UNIX
Of course, Java is available in UNIX using either the Netscape Navigator or the Internet Explorer. However, there are many flavors of UNIX and many versions to be aware of. We suggest that you visit either Netscape or Microsoft to learn more about exactly how to get the browser that's right for you.
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10. Key Concepts of Java Programming
Language
FP301 OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
The Java programming language was designed to be:
Object-oriented
Distributed
Simple
Multithreaded
Secure
Platform-independent
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11. 1) Object-oriented
FP301 OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
Java is an object-oriented programming language because one of the main goals of the Java technology programmer is to create objects, pieces of autonomous code, that can interact with other objects to solve a problem.
OOP differs from procedural programming because procedural programming stresses the sequence of coding steps required to solve a problem, while OOP stresses the creation and interaction of objects.
Procedural programming focuses on sequence
Object-oriented programming focuses on objects and object interactions
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12. 2) Distributed
FP301 OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
Java is a distributed language because the language provides support for distributed network technologies.
Example:
Remote Method Invocation (RMI), Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA) and Universal Resource Locator (URL)
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13. 3) Simple
FP301 OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
Java programming language is simple the designers removed some of the complex or obscure programming constructs found in other programming languages.
Example:
Java used object referenced to manipulate objects, but C and C++ used pointers to memory locations, a complex and often misused feature.
In Java, boolean data type can have a value of either true or false.
Memory management is automatic with the existence of garbage collector to monitor or remove objects that are no longer referred to.
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14. 4) Multithreaded
FP301 OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
Java supports multithreading, that is performing several task at a time.
It allows a Java technology program to be efficient in its use of system resources.
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15. 5) Secure
FP301 OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
The environment in which Java technology programs run, uses security measures to protect programs from attacks.
These measures include:
Prohibiting the manipulation of memory using pointers.
Prohibiting distributed programs such as applets from reading and writing to a hard disk of a computer.
Verifying that all Java technology programs contain valid code.
Supporting digital signatures. Java technology code can be “signed” by a company or person in a way that another person receiving the code can verify the legitimacy of the code.
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16. 6) Platform-independent
FP301 OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
Programs written in most languages usually require numerous modifications to run on more than one type of computing platform, a combination of a CPU and operating system.
C and C++ is a platform dependence which require you to write code specific to the underlying platform. It also require programmers to compile and link their programs, resulting in an executable program unique to a platform.
While Java programming language is a platform independent.
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17. a) Platform-dependent program
FP301 OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
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18. Cont…. FP301 OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
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19. Cont…. FP301 OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
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20. b) Platform-independent program
FP301 OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
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21. Analyze a problem using OOAD
FP301 OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
To analyze a problem (case study), there will be three(3) main factor to be considered which is:-
Identify problem domain
Identify objects
Identify object attributes and operations
Example of case study:
DirectClothing Inc. Sells shirts from their catalog. Business is growing 30 percent per year and they need a new order entry system. You have been contracted by DirectClothing to design the new system.
DirectClothing produces a catalog of clothing every six months and mails it to subscribers. Each shirt in the catalog has an item identifier (ID), one or more colors (each with a different color code), one or more sizes, a description and a price.
DirectClothing accepts cheques and credit cards.
to place an order, customers can call DirectClothing to order directly from a customer service representative (CSR) or customers can mail or fax an order form to DirectClothing.
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22. 1) Identify problem domain
FP301 OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
A problem domain is the scope of the problem that need to be solve.
For example, “Create a system allowing order entry people to enter and accept payment for an order”.
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23. 2) Identify objects Objects can be physical or conceptual.
FP301 OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
Objects can be physical or conceptual.
Object have attributes (characteristics).
Size, name, shape and so on.
Object have operations (the things they can do)
Setting a value, displaying a screen or increasing speed.
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24. Cont….. FP301 OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
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25. Cont….. Additional criteria for recognizing objects:
FP301 OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
Additional criteria for recognizing objects:
Relevance to the problem domain
Does the object exist within the boundaries of the problem domain?
Is the object required for the solution to be complete?
Is the object required as part of an interaction between a user and the solution?
Independent existence
For an item to be an object and not an attribute of another object, it must exist independently in the context of problem domain.
Possible objects in the DirectClothing case study as follow:
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26. 3) Identify object attributes and operations
FP301 OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
Attributes are data:
Order ID
Customer ID
Operations are action:
Delete Item
Change ID
Order object
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27. Cont….. Object with another object as an attribute
FP301 OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
Object with another object as an attribute
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28. Cont…..
FP301 OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
Possible attributes and operations for objects in the DirectClothing, Inc. case study
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29. Case Study Solution Order Shirt Customer Form of Payment Catalog CSR
FP301 OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
Order
Shirt
Customer
Form of Payment
Catalog
CSR
Order ID
Date
*Shirt(s)
Total price
*Form of payment
*CSR
Status
Shirt ID
Price
Description
Size
Color code
Customer ID
Name
Address
Phone number
address
*Order
Cheque number
Credit card number
Expiration date
Shirt(s)
extension
+ Calculate order ID
+ Calculate the total price
+ Add shirt to order
+ Remove shirt from order
+ Submit the order
+ Calculate shirt ID
+ Display shirt information
+ Assign a customer ID
+ Verify credit card number
+ Verify cheque payment
+ Add a shirt
+ Remove a shirt
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30. Design classes form using UML Class
Diagram
FP301 OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
To design a class you need to identify:
Object (class name)
Attributes (variables name)
Operations (methods name)
Syntax:
ClassName
attributeVariableName [range of values] …
methodName()
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31. Cont….. Shirt shirtID Example: Price Description Size
FP301 OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
Example:
Shirt
shirtID
Price
Description
Size
colorCode R=Red, B=Blue, G=Green
calculateShirtID()
displayInformation()
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