1. World War II and its Texan Effects

2. What do you see, think & why?

3. Background to World War II
Problem: Aggressive dictatorships in Europe rejected post-WW I peace settlement.
Germany’s dictator, Adolf Hitler, persecuted Jews & demanded more territory from neighbors
In Asia Japan launched a vicious, bloody war against China in 1937.
German dictator Adolf Hitler
ALLIES: United States, USSR, & Britain VS
AXIS: Japan, Germany, &Italy

4. War Breaks Out, U. S. Neutral
1939: Germany invaded Poland.
U.K. and France fight to defend Poland.
1940: Germany defeated France.
1941: Germany invaded the Soviet Union.
Congress pursued isolationism, seeking to stay out of war. Though FDR supported the Allies Congress insisted on neutrality.
FDR managed to get an embargo (a ban on trading) on Japan and Lend-Lease, an agreement to sell weapons to U.K. and the Soviet Union as long as they would pay the USA back after the war.

5. Pearl Harbor Attack and War
On December 7th, 1941, the Japanese navy launched a surprise assault on the U. S. naval base of Pearl Harbor in Hawaii.
Why? Japan hoped to destroy the U. S. fleet so that the U. S. wouldn’t be able to enter the war.
Germany and Italy declared war on the U. S. in support of Japan.
The United States declared war on the Axis.
USS Shaw under attack.
Women assemble airplanes in a U.S. factory during the war.
"I fear all we have done is to awaken a sleeping giant and fill him with a terrible resolve.”
Japanese Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto, leader of the Pearl Harbor attack.
Pearl Harbor Speech:

6. US Homefront
-EFFECT 1: The war created the need for machines, supplies, and oil… increasing INDUSTRIALIZATION.
-EFFECT 2: More people moved to the city for factory jobs….increasing URBANIZATION
PEGS…(write in PEGS below in the correct space in your notes)
The Texas Coastline had many shipyards and oil refineries.
People were told to grow their own food in “Victory Gardens,” carpool, and buy war bonds.
Many women entered the workforce to respond to the labor shortage. Women worked in heavy engineering jobs making steel, airplanes, cars, and other jobs women had not had in large numbers before.
The Pentagon, the headquarters of the U.S. military, was built in 1943 at the height of the war.

7. Texas Home Front More than 750,000 Texans served in the war.
Texas-born General Dwight Eisenhower was Supreme Allied Commander.
Admiral Chester Nimitz of Texas was head of the Navy in the Pacific Front.
The military’s need for OIL and GAS made Texas critical to the war effort.
This altered Texas’ economy forever.
EISENHOWER
NIMITZ

9. World War II Ends
Over 420,000 U. S. soldiers died in WWII, including 22,000 Texans.
Japanese-Americans were interned in prison camps out of suspicion they’d betray America. Many fought bravely anyway.
The U.S., U.K., and the Soviet Union eventually defeated Germany, but much of Europe was in ruins and millions of civilians, especially Jews, were murdered by the Germans.
The United States ended the war by dropping atomic bombs on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, forcing Japan to surrender in August 1945.
Atomic bombs fall on Hiroshima (top) and Nagasaki (bottom)

10. USS Texas COMING ATTRACTIONS in 10th & 11th Grade. You will study:
Used in WWI & WWII
Commissioned by Navy in March 1914
At the time, was the most powerful weapon in the world
In 1916, the first US battleship to mount anti-aircraft guns
In WWII she fired on Nazi defenses in Normandy on D-Day … June 6, 1944
This battleship resides in LaPorte, TX today
COMING ATTRACTIONS
in 10th & 11th Grade. You will study:
ISLAND HOPPING
D-DAY
BATTLE OF THE BULGE
THE HOLOCAUST
THE COLD WAR

11. WWI Impact ___________________ WWII Impact ___________________
Technology from Texas
B-24 Bomber planes Built in Fort Worth
Freighter ships Built in Houston
Munitions (ammo) Built in Texarkana
INTERESTING FACT: Both WWI & II had more casualties from weapons than any other war.