1. Activity #12: Food and Nutrition

2. Vocabulary
N/A

3. Food & Nutrition
Food (chemical energy) is needed for your cells to produce ATP (cellular energy)
Also supplies raw materials for your body to build and repair

4. Energy
When food is burned, most energy is released as heat, which is measured in “calories”
Energy in food molecules is released during cellular respiration and used to produce ATP to power cellular activities

5. Raw Materials Energy can be extracted from almost any type of food
So why does it matter what foods you eat?
Not all materials needed for life processes can be made b the body – we must eat ALL of the elements that the body needs!
Examples of molecules made from raw food materials: enzymes, lipids in cell membranes, DNA
A healthy diet provides all of the necessary raw materials your body needs

6. Nutrients
Nutrients- molecules (matter) ingested from the environment that are needed for metabolic processes
Nutrients your body needs include: water, carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, and minerals

7. Carb Use and Storage Carbs are the main source of energy for the body
Simple Sugars (mono and disaccharides)
Fruits, honey, sugar cane
Used first for energy
Complex Sugars (polysaccharides)
Grains, potatoes, vegetables
Broken down into simple sugars to the be used for energy
In animals, excess blood sugar is converted into glycogen which is stored in the liver and skeletal muscle.
Additional excess sugar can also be converted to and stored as body fat

8. Diet
A balanced diet provides nutrients in adequate amounts and enough energy for a person to maintain a healthful weight

9. Molecule Breakdown for Energy
If you undergo prolonged starvation, what order will you use the following organic compounds to obtain energy?
Choices: glucose, ATP, proteins, fats, complex carbohydrates
___________→ ___________→ ___________ →_____________→ _______________
Why are proteins broken down for energy last?
They must first be turned into sugar (takes a lot of energy). They are also necessary for structure and processes so are saved as long as possible.
ATP
Glucose
Complex carbs
Fats
Proteins