1. CELL ORGANELLES © J Beauchemin 2006
Use this presentation in conjunction with the Cell Organelle note-taking worksheet. Run through the entire presentation before using it in class so that you know what’s coming next! It helps to print the outline and notes to have with you while presenting so that there are no surprises. –JessB.org
© J Beauchemin 2006

2. Cell Organelles
You may or may not wish to distinguish between cytosol and cytoplasm. The correct use of each term is shown here. Most high school textbooks, however, use the word “cytoplasm” to mean “cytosol.”

3. Cell Membrane Boundary of the cell Made of a phospholipid bilayer
Emphasize word parts here:
phospho= phosphate head; lipid= fatty acid tail
bi= 2

4. Nucleus Controls center of the cell Contains DNA
Surrounded by a double membrane
Usually the easiest organelle to see under a microscope
Usually one per cell
Contains
Chromosomes
Nucleolus
Cells with more than one nucleus include muscle cells and liver cells, largely because of the massive volume of cytoplasm and number of organelles that need controlling.

5. Cytoskeleton Acts as skeleton and muscle Provides shape and structure
Helps move organelles around the cell
Made of three types of filaments
Actin, also found in muscle cells, mainly help maintain cell shape in their cytoskeletal role. Microtubules mostly move organelles around the cell. Intermediate filaments also provide structural support.

6. Endoplasmic Reticulum
Connected to nuclear membrane
Highway of the cell
Rough ER: studded with ribosomes; it makes proteins
Smooth ER: no ribosomes; it makes lipids
It’s not necessary that the students can read the labels here; just point out the black dots are ribosomes.

7. That looks familiar…what is a polypeptide?
Ribosome
Site of protein synthesis
Found attached to rough ER or floating free in cytosol
Produced in a part of the nucleus called the nucleolus
A polypeptide is a chain of amino acids. In this diagram, you can see the ribosome is making a polypeptide, also known as a protein.
That looks familiar…what is a polypeptide?

8. Golgi Apparatus Looks like a stack of plates
Stores, modifies and packages proteins
Molecules transported to and from the Golgi by means of vesicles
AKA Golgi Complex. It is not necessary that the students read the labels, this diagram gives them a general idea of the Golgi’s shape.

9. Lysosomes Garbage disposal of the cell
Contain digestive enzymes that break down wastes
Students should recognize the shapes of the Golgi and ER even if they cannot read the captions.

10. Mitochondria “Powerhouse of the cell”
Cellular respiration occurs here to release energy for the cell to use
Bound by a double membrane
Has its own strand of DNA
Explain that this diagram shows the mitochondria cut open to reveal the internal membranes.

11. Chloroplast Found only in plant cells
Contains the green pigment chlorophyll
Site of food (glucose) production
Bound by a double membrane
Chloroplasts absorb light, which is the catalyst for photosynthesis.

12. Cell Wall Found in plant and bacterial cells Rigid, protective barrier
Located outside of the cell membrane
Made of cellulose (fiber)
This is an actual microscopic image. Explain that the colors are added digitally to enhance the different parts.

13. Vacuoles Large central vacuole usually in plant cells
Many smaller vacuoles in animal cells
Storage container for water, food, enzymes, wastes, pigments, etc.
The image is 2D, so it must have been a light microscope or TEM. If the cell is very tiny, then a TEM was used. Otherwise, a strong light microscope could have captured this image.

14. Centriole Aids in cell division Usually found only in animal cells
Made of microtubules
Microtubules are also part of the cytoskeleton.

15. I went into a cell, to get out of the rain,
I went into a cell, and said "who makes 11. __________here?"
And somebody responded "it's the 12.___________ my dear."
I went into a cell, and was feeling pretty fine,
‘Til a 13._______engulfed me, and dissolved me in enzymes.
I went into a cell, and was feeling pretty nimble,
‘Til a centriole lassoed me, tying me up in a spindle.
I went into a 14._______ _______to see how trees get so tall,
And all around the outside was a rigid 15._____________
I went into a plant cell, "why's it so green I asked?"
"'Cause I make food from 16.____," said a green 17.________
I went into a plant cell to see how plant cells store 18._______
When a 19.________ informed me that he was the storage dude.
So when you go inside a cell, remember what you see,
There's over a 20.____________cells in both you and me.
Just sing this song if you ever feel confusion,
And remember active transport is the opposite of diffusion.
I went into a cell, to get out of the rain,
And there was the gatekeeper, _1._______________________
I went into a 2. _________ and what did I see?
The 3. __________________ it's the energy factory.
I went into a 4. _________ and said "who drives this bus?"
And found myself talking to the boss, the 5. _____________
I went into a cell, to recover from a spasm,
And found myself swimming in some clear 6._____________
I went into the nucleus to ask how to get home,
And got 7.__________ _________ stored in a chromosome.
I went into a 8._________ and stretching o' so far,
Was a thin and wavy network, it's called the 9._________
I went into a cell, trying not to be perplexed,
By the packaging and sorting in the 10.__________________

16. I went into a cell, to get out of the rain,
I went into a cell, and said "who makes 11. proteins here?"
And somebody responded "it's the 12. ribosome, my dear."
I went into a cell, and was feeling pretty fine,
‘Til a 13.lysosome engulfed me, and dissolved me in enzymes.
I went into a cell, and was feeling pretty nimble,
‘Til a centriole lassoed me, tying me up in a spindle.
I went into a 14.plant cell to see how trees get so tall,
And all around the outside was a rigid 15.cell wall.
I went into a plant cell, "why's it so green I asked?"
"'Cause I make food from 16.sunlight," said a green 17.chloroplast.
I went into a plant cell to see how plant cells store 18.food,
When a 19.vacuole informed me that he was the storage dude.
So when you go inside a cell, remember what you see,
There's over a 20.trillion cells in both you and me.
Just sing this song if you ever feel confusion,
And remember active transport is the opposite of diffusion.
I went into a cell, to get out of the rain,
And there was the gatekeeper, 1. the cell membrane.
I went into a 2. cell, and what did I see?
The 3.mitochondria, it's the energy factory.
I went into a 4. cell, and said "who drives this bus?"
And found myself talking to the boss, 5.the nucleus.
I went into a cell, to recover from a spasm,
And found myself swimming in some 6.clear cytoplasm.
I went into the nucleus to ask how to get home,
And got 7. genetic info, stored in a chromosome.
I went into a 8.cell, and stretching o' so far,
Was a thin and wavy network, it's called the 9. E.R.
I went into a cell, trying not to be perplexed,
By the packaging and sorting in the 10. Golgi complex.

18. Quick Review Which organelle is the control center of the cell?
Nucleus
Which organelle holds the cell together?
Cell membrane
Which organelles are not found in animal cells?
Cell wall, central vacuole, chloroplasts
Which organelle helps plant cells make food?
Chloroplasts
What does E.R. stand for?
Endoplasmic reticulum
You may choose to delete the answers from the PowerPoint or change the animation so that they come in after all 5 questions are asked in case you want to quiz students individually at the end.