1. CUMANN NA nGAEDHEAL IN POWER 1923-1932
Aims:
Establish law and order
Rebuild the economy
Manage relations with Britain

2. Law and Order
Oireachtas - Dail + Seanad
Garda (unarmed)
Courts
Public Safety Act (wide powers of arrest)
The Army Mutiny (dissatisfaction with redundancy and
progress to republic) Richard Mulcahy (defence) resigned
and leaders arrested.

3. The Economy
Concentration on agriculture (A.C.C. - gave loans to farmers,
lowered taxes)
The Shannon Scheme (ESB)

4. Reasons Decline of Cumann na nGaedhael
Blamed for the failure of the Boundary Commission
Great Depression
Cut in pay for teachers and garda
Popularity of Fianna Fail

5. Relations with Britain
Joined the League of Nations
The Boundary Commission
1931 Statute of Westminster (allowed members
to change any laws made for them by the British parliament)

6. FIANNA FAIL IN POWER
Dismantling the Treaty
Used the Statute of Westminster to abolish the Oath
Got rid of the Governor General
Removed the king as head of state
New Constitution 1937

7. The New Constitution (Bunreacht na hEireann)
Taoiseach replaced President as head of government
President - head of state (Douglas Hyde)
Articles 2 and 3
Special position of Catholic Church
Called Eire not Free State

8. The IRA and the Blueshirts
ACA elected Eoin O Duffy as leader, Blueshirts, Facists.
DeV banned them after planned march on Glasnevin.
Joined with C na G to form Fine Gael, O’ Duffy was first leader.
Unpopular so went to Spanish Civil War.

9. The Economic War
DeV refused to pay the Land Annuities.
Fianna Fail put tariffs on imports from Britain
British put tariffs on Irish cattle (Ireland hardest hit)
Sean Lemass – encouraged irish businessmen to start
factories making irish produce
Anglo- Irish agreement 1938:
£10 million compensation paid to Britain
Tariffs reduced
3 ports returned (Cobh, Lough Swilly, Berehaven)

10. The Emergency
Neutral :
to show independence
too weak for war
Emergency Powers Act:
Censorship
Army built up. LDF 250,000 men.

11. The IRA a danger to neutrality
The IRA a danger to neutrality. Some executed, some died on hunger strike and some interned.
German spies
North Strand 34 dead.
Britain and US did not like our neutrality. Dev rejected their criticisms.
What Lemass (Minister for Supplies) did:
Irish Shipping
Rationing
Turf replaced coal
The glimmer man

12. .
1948 – 1959
Defeat for DeValera because:
People wanted a change
Unemployment and emigration

13. 1948 to 1951 The First Inter-Party government.
Fine Gael, Labour and Clan na Poblachta.
Taoiseach was John A Costello. Sean MacBride
(external affairs), Noel Browne (Health).
Achievments:
1949 Republic
Marshall Aid built houses and hospitals
Rural electricification
Fight against TB
IDA set up to attract foreign industry to Ireland
The Mother and Child scheme

14.
DeValera in power.
Better social welfare but still high unemployment and emigration

15. 1954 – 1957 The Second Inter-Party government
Joined UN
Took action against IRA for border attacks
(Clan na Poblachta pulled out of the government as a result)

16.
DeV again interned IRA
1959 Dev became President for the next 14 years
Lemass took over as Taoiseach

17. SEAN LEMASS AND THE 1960s
Lemass appointed younger ministers like Lynch,
Haughey and Donough O Malley
TK Whittaker drew up the First Programme for Economic
Expansion, which:
Got rid of Protectionism.
Encouraged exports.
Grants and tax concessions to attract foreign industry

18. Lemass met Terence O Neill.
New schools were built.
Free Secondary education introduced
First shopping centres built
Finglas, Ballymun, Ballyfermot etc.were built.
RTE set up
‘Swinging Sixties’
JFK arrived.

19. YEARS OF UNCERTAINTY 1966 –1985.
Jack Lynch as Taoiseach 1966 – 1973
1970 The Arms crisis. Blaney and Haughey and Blaney
sacked. Boland resigned in sympathy. Haughey later acquitted.
The campaign to join the EEC. We signed up on the
1st January 1973.

20. The Coalition government 1973 – 1977
Fine Gael and Labour led by Liam Cosgrave.
Oil crisis led to inflation and unemployment. Taxes increased.
Sunningdale signed by Heath and Cosgrave but the new
power-sharing agreement was broken by Unionist opposition
1974 Dublin and Monaghan bombings.