1. Reconstruction Ends

2. Reconstruction
-North becomes weary of Reconstruction
High taxes, corruption
-Republicans split over Grant scandals
Credit Mobilier
Railroad Co. and government splitting profits
Whiskey Ring
Cabinet takes bribes so investors will not have to pay excise taxes

3. Reconstruction
-Panic of 1873
Investors not paying enough to cover debts
Economy in sharp decline
-Radicals have less and less control over South
Problems weaken Republicans; people pay less attention to South

4. Compromise of 1877 -1876 election
Samuel Tilden and Rutherford Hayes run for election
Tilden wins popular vote, one short of Electoral majority
-No electoral winner
-Some southern votes are disputed
20 Southern Electoral votes disputed (LA, FL, SC)
-Hayes is given all disputed electoral votes
-Southern states threaten succession again
Samuel Tilden
(Democrat)
Rutherford B. Hayes
(Republican)

5. Election of 1876
Why is it odd that Louisiana, South Carolina, and Florida’s electoral votes are cast for Hayes?

7. Deal is Made
-Compromise is made
-Republican Hayes wins the election
Even though Tilden wins popular vote (deal with S)
-Northern troops taken out of the South
-Reconstruction ends
-Home Rule of South reverses many advances
Democrats regain control of all Southern states
Reverse legislation

8. This cartoon was drawn after the 1864 Chicago Convention, where Copperheads promoted peace with the South. The same sentiments were felt after the Compromise of 1877.

9. New Rules
-Black Codes
Strict laws blacks were to follow in the South
-Jim Crow laws
-Segregation
Legal separation of the races
-KKK (Tennessee, 1866)
political: get Republicans out of power
economic: keep blacks from gaining economic status
social: restore white supremacy; keep blacks from voting

10. “[The Klan] broke my door open, took me out of bed, took me to the woods and whipped me, ‘Do you think you will ever vote another damned radical ticket?’…I supposed they would kill me anyhow. I said, ‘If there was an election tomorrow, I would vote the radical ticket.’ They set in and whipped me a thousand licks more, with sticks and straps that had buckles on the ends of them.”
~Testimony to the Joint Select Committee to inquire into the Condition of Affairs in the Late Insurrectionary States (Congress)

11. What is the artist trying to say about the members of the newly-formed KKK?

12. New Rules
-Financial Control
To keep blacks down, Klan members refuse to employ blacks who vote Republican
Terrorize those who aid blacks

13. Black Georgia Representative Henry Turner, 1868
Segregation
-decline in freedoms
Supreme Court limits government ability to control blacks’ civil rights
-End of Freedmen’s Bureau
Congress allowed it to expire; believed it fulfilled its purpose
-End of voting
-Little money
Cycle of poverty
-Southern leaders ignored the Constitution
Jim Crow, poll taxes
14th & 15th Amendments
“We have built up your country. We have worked in your fields, and garnered your harvests, for two hundred and fifty years! Do we ask you for compensation….? We are willing to let the dead past bury its dead; but we ask you now for our rights.”
Black Georgia Representative Henry Turner, 1868

14. Atlanta Journalist Henry Grady, 1896
New South
-Southern economy eventually emerged stronger than before the war
-Sharecropping replaced slavery
-More industry
New textile and tobacco-product mills in South
-Better transportation
Railroads building
-Politically, whites were still in control and blacks were denied citizenship
Enforced by KKK and Democrats
-”Solid South” emerged
Democrats return to power
“The new South presents a perfect democracy…a hundred farms for every plantation…and a diversified industry that meets the complex need of this complex age.”
Atlanta Journalist Henry Grady, 1896