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Restoration of mangroves at Balandra Lagoon
2006
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One of the two lagoons of Balandra
La Paz - 25 Km MANGROVE FOREST
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The second lagoon at Balandra
Mostly covered with mangrove forest
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Part of the deforested area in 1994 (Clearcut, possibly in 1990-1991)
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Part of the deforested area in 1994 (Clearcut, possibly in 1990-1991)
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The deforested area did not regenerate itself for several years
The solution: Reforestation by nursery-reared trees planted in strategic places in the right habitat
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Native propagules (propagation units) of black mangrove as a source for the nursery
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AERIAL ROOTS OF BLACK MANGROVES -- WHERE THE MICROBIAL ACTIVITY IS INTENSE
LAGOON Underground section MUD Toledo et al Cyanobacteria and black mangroves in Northwestern Mexico: colonization, and diurnal and seasonal nitrogen fixation on aerial roots. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 41:
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Filamentous Cyanobacteria COMPLETELY HIDDEN ROOT SURFACE
COLONIZATION (biofilm) OF THE SURFACE OF THE AERIAL ROOT OF BLACK MANGROVE bacteria Anabaena Filamentous Cyanobacteria COMPLETELY HIDDEN ROOT SURFACE 1 Toledo et al. Can. J. Microbiol. 1995
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BOTTOM OF ERLENMEYER FLASK
COLONIZATION OF MANGROVE ROOTS (in vitro) WITH THE CYANOBACTERIA Microcoleus sp. BOTTOM OF ERLENMEYER FLASK CYANOBACTERIA COLONIES ROOTS Toledo et al In vitro colonization and increase in nitrogen fixation of seedling roots of black mangrove inoculated by a filamentous cyanobacteria. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 41:
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COLONIZATION OF MANGROVE ROOTS (in vitro) BY THE CYANOBACTERIA Microcoleus sp.
Root surface 100 Toledo et al In vitro colonization and increase in nitrogen fixation of seedling roots of black mangrove inoculated by a filamentous cyanobacteria. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 41:
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Toledo et al. Can. J. Microbiol. 1995
COLONIZATION OF MANGROVE ROOTS (in vitro) BY THE CYANOBACTERIA Microcoleus sp. 10 Root surface Toledo et al. Can. J. Microbiol. 1995
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Nursery-reared black mangrove
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Measuring the current in the reforested area
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Strategic site was found, a shallow channel drained both deforested areas
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Exit of channel from reforested site Inner lagoon
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The reforested site is located in the main drainage channel in the two deforested areas.
Once the trees grow, we hope that their foliage, submerged in the water at high tide, will trap floating propagules and allow more trees to grow in the area. Reforested area Sand dune
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Reforestation at low tide
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Reforesting the strategic area
The site was “protected” from beach visitors by a deep trench filled with soft silt
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At planting One day later. Passing the first tides under field conditions
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One year later
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Two years later
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Four and more years later
The reforested area accumulated organic debris and trapped floating propagules This allows establishment of floating propagules in the area Consequently, the reforested area gained many more new trees than we planted
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In 1995, general view of one deforested area
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In 2006, general view of reforested area
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Ground view of deforested area in 1995
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Ground view of reforested area in 2006
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General view of the second deforested areas in 1995
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In 2006, general view of the same area after reforestation
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Wildlife returns to the reforested areas
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Wildlife returns to the reforested areas: fish, the major economic contribution of mangroves
Juvenile fish
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Fully reforested areas are returned to public recreation activities
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Photographed by: Yoav Bashan
Presentation by: Juan Pablo Hernandez
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