1. 2. The Planting of English America
By: Mr. Michael R. Kahoe
Del Valle High School

2. The New World in 1600 Most of North America unclaimed
Spain – in Central & South America, West Indies, as far N. as Santa Fe
France – Quebec

3. England’s Imperial Stirrings
1500s – England did not colonize due to internal conflicts
Protestant Reformation - King Henry VIII broke with Catholic Church in 1530s
Leads to rivalry with Spain

4. Elizabeth I Daughter of Henry VIII Protestant
Beloved and capable “Virgin” Queen

5. Francis Drake Francis Drake – a pirate under the employ of Elizabeth I
Captured much Spanish
gold
Knighted by the Queen

6. Sir Walter Raleigh
Attempts first English colony in N. America, Roanoke Island

7. The Spanish Armada
King Phillip II of Spain (the “most Catholic King”) raises a huge Armada to invade England
Elizabeth I readies her defenses
The two navies clash in the English Channel

9. England on Eve of the Empire
Victory over Spain catapults Britain to new heights
Strong leader
Nationalism
Religious unity
Golden age of literature (Shakespeare)
Naval dominance of the sea

10. Reasons For English Migration
Wool
England’s woolen industry was booming
Farms turned into pastures
Tenant farmers had no place to go
Overpopulation
Searching for a less crowded land
Primogeniture
1st born son inherits
Religious Dissent
Many Protestants disagreed with the Anglican Church
Economic Incentive
Joint-stock companies and others wanted to invest in the Americas

11. Jamestown (1607) Early Troubles Winter of 1609 – “the starving time”
Bad trip
39 of the 144 settlers died
Bad Location
Malaria infested swamp-land
Half of the settlers died
Indian attacks
People did not want to work
Winter of 1609 – “the starving time”
Some colonists resorted to cannibalism

12. Captain John Smith
John Smith was a courageous adventurer and somewhat of a scoundrel
Charged with mutiny on the trip to America
Charges were later dropped
John Smith saved the colony from disaster
Befriended Chief Powhatan
Tribe provided the colonists with food

14. Pocahontas Pocahontas was one of the daughters of Chief Powhatan
12 yrs, beautiful (maybe)
Real name was Matowaka
Pocahontas mean “frisky” or “lively one”
John Smith said Pocahontas saved his life
At age 17 was kidnapped by the Jamestown colonists
Married John Rolf
Became Christian & changed name to Lady Rebecca and traveled to England
Died of smallpox at age 22

15. What did Pocahontas really look like?

16. Jamestown Survives 1610 – Lord De La Warr 1613 – A cash crop! 1619
John Rolf created a variety of tobacco that was liked in England
1619
90 women arrive
House of Burgesses – the first legislative body, meets
A Dutch ships arrives bearing America’s first African slaves

17. War with the Powhatans! Powhatans considered colonists allies at first
Colonists begin to steal food
War breaks out
First Anglo-Powhatan War ends in 1614
Pocahontas marries John Rolfe
1622 – Powhatans attack again
Killing 347 settlers, including Rolfe
1644 – Second Anglo-Powhatan War

18. Maryland: Catholic Haven
1634 founded by Lord Baltimore
2nd plantation, 4th overall
Catholic refuge
Big estates to rich Catholics
Protestants inhabited outlining
areas
Cash crop: Tobacco
Many indentured servants

19. Maryland

20. Maryland’s Act of Toleration
Lord Baltimore issued the Act of Toleration to protect his fellow Catholics
Guaranteed religious toleration to all CHRISTIANS
Death to Jews & atheists!

21. The West Indies
With Spain declining, England got a foothold in the West Indies
Jamaica (1655)
Cash crop: Sugar

22. Slave Codes Thousands of slaves needed for the sugar cane plantations
Indians all died out
Turn to African slaves
Barbados slave codes created to define rights of masters
Strict, w/ severe punishments

23. English Civil War Civil War in England interrupts colonization
King Charles I is beheaded
Oliver Cromwell rules for the next 10 years
The Restoration – Charles II is restored to the throne

24. Colonizing the Carolinas
1670, Carolina named after Charles II
Grew quickly by developing ties with the West Indies
Charleston
Supplied foodstuffs
Cash crop: Rice & indigo
Utilized slave codes
African slaves
Fought off Spanish & Indian raids

25. North Carolina 1712, North Carolina separates from S. Carolina
Made up of squatters from Virginia
In remote regions, isolated
Resistance to authority
Strong willed
Cash crop: small tobacco farming

26. Tuscarora Indians 1711, the Tuscarora Indians attack N. Carolina
Carolinians respond by driving the Indians away from the area
Tuscaroras move north and join the Iroquois Confederation

27. Georgia: The Buffer Colony
1733, named after King George II, Georgia becomes 13th colony
Founded by philanthropists, including James Oglethorpe
A refuge for debtors
Used as a “buffer” zone
between British & Spanish,
French, & hostile Indians
Religious tolerance, except
for Catholics

28. James Oglethorpe Was a soldier & statesman
Kept Georgia going by repelling enemy attacks & using his own fortune
Nonetheless Georgia grew slowly

29. Southern Colonies Recap: Slavery Not many cities People spread out
Not many schools or churches
Religious tolerance
Crops: tobacco, rice, indigo
Lots of fights with Natives