1. Naming Hydrocarbons

2. First Four Prefixes First four prefixes Monkeys Eat Peeled Bananas
Meth-
Eth-
Prop-
But-

3. Other Prefixes
Pent-
Hex-
Hept-
Oct-
Non-
Dec-

4. Structures for Hexane
CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3

5. 1 2 4 3

6. Alkenes (CnH2n)
Double bond

7. “condensed structure”
2-butene
“condensed structure”

8. Alkynes (CnH2n-2)
Triple bond

9. Basic Naming of Hydrocarbons
Longest parent chain name will end in
–ane (single bond)
-ene (double “ )
–yne (triple “ )
2) the number of carbons is given by a “prefix”
1 meth- 2 eth prop- 4 but pent hex hept- 8 oct non dec-
How do these differ?
propane
propyne
propene

10. Numbering Carbons 1-pentene Q- draw pentene
A- Where’s the double bond? We # C atoms.
Always give double bond the lowest number.
Q - Name these
C2H4

11. Naming Side Chains Find the side chains3
Find the side chains
The “parent chain” is usually the longest possible hydrocarbon chain.
It must include multiple bonds if they are present even if it is not the longest chain.
Side chains are also called “side branches” or “alkyl groups”. Their names end in -yl.
Common side chains :
-CH3 methyl, -CH2CH3 ethyl, -CH2CH2CH3 propyl

12. Example: use the rules to name the following structure
Naming
Example: use the rules to name the following structure
double bond = “ene” ending

13. Naming Side Chains
determine the longest carbon chain

14. Naming Side Chains
Rule 3: Assign numbers to each carbon

15. Naming Side Chains
Name the parent chain
ene
1-hexene

16. Naming Side Chains
ethyl
methyl
methyl
Determine name for side chains

17. Naming Side Chains 2-ethyl-4-methyl-4-methyl--hexene
attach name of branches alphabetically
2-ethyl-4-methyl-4-methyl--hexene

18. Naming Side Chains group similar branches
ethyl
methyl
methyl
group similar branches
2-ethyl-4-methyl-4-methyl-1-hexene

19. Naming Side Chains
ethyl
methyl
methyl
2-ethyl-4,4-dimethyl-1-hexene

21. C H C H 3 3 C H C C C H C H C H 3 2 C H C H 2 3

22. 5 6 8 7
3,3-dimethyl-1-pentene