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PRENTICE HALL Chemistry
Ch. 9 “IUPAC” Inorganic Nomenclature
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WHAT IS NOMENCLATURE?
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INORGANIC NOMENCLATURE
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WE WILL BE EMPLOYING THE “IUPAC” RULES
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Binary Ionic Compounds
01. WHAT IS A BINARY IONIC COMPOUND? METAL – NONMETAL w/ just 2 types of ions 02. DO YOU REMEMBER HOW (A METHOD) TO WRITE A BALANCED IONIC FORMULA? Ca+2 (PO4)-3 CRISS-CROSS METHOD 3 2 03. IS ANYONE FAMILIAR WITH HOW BINARY IONIC COMPOUNDS ARE NAMED? NAME OF METAL, NAME OF NONMETAL w/ -ide ending (suffix).
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Binary Ionic Compounds
EXAMPLES: Mg+2 magnesium and F- fluorine Magnesium fluoride MgF2 Na+ sodium and O2- oxygen Sodium oxide Na2O
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CAVEATS with IONICS… ????????????????
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Binary Ionic Compounds with Multiple Valence METALS
Formula Stock Method CLASSIC/LATIN Name FeF Iron (II) Fluoride Ferrous Fluoride FeF Iron (III)Fluoride Ferric Fluoride /
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Binary Ionic w/ Multiple Valences TRY THE FOLLOWING…
Formula Stock Method CLASSIC/LATIN Name HgBr HgBr2 / ROMAN NUMERALS NEEDED
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Binary Ionic w/ Multiple Valences TRY THE FOLLOWING…
Formula Stock Method CLASSIC/LATIN Name HgBr Mercury (I) Bromide HgBr2 / ROMAN NUMERALS NEEDED
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Binary Ionic w/ Multiple Valences TRY THE FOLLOWING…
Formula Stock Method CLASSIC/LATIN Name HgBr Mercury (I) Bromide HgBr Mercury (II) Bromide / ROMAN NUMERALS NEEDED
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Binary Ionic w/ Multiple Valences TRY THE FOLLOWING…
Formula Stock Method CLASSIC/LATIN Name HgBr Mercury(I)Bromide Mercurous Bromide HgBr Mercury(II)Bromide Mercuric Bromide ODDLY ENOUGH… Hg is an abbreviation of the Latin name for Mercury… Hydrargium.
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Binary Ionic Compounds with Multiple Valences
PLEASE COMPLETE THE CHART Compound IUPAC NAME Common Name FeF Ferrous Fluoride FeF Ferric Fluoride Mercury(I)Bromide Mercurous Bromide Mercury(II)Bromide Mercuric Bromide
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Binary Ionic Compounds with Multiple Valences
Compound Stock Method Common Name FeF Iron (II) Fluoride Ferrous Fluoride FeF Iron (III)Fluoride Ferric Fluoride HgBr Mercury(I)Bromide Mercurous Bromide HgBr Mercury(II)Bromide Mercuric Bromide
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NAME THESE Sr3O2 PbCl4 PbO2
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PROVIDE FORMULAS Potassium Nitride Aluminum fluoride
Vanaduim (III) chloride
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Tests for Iron (II) and Iron (III) Ions
Introduction: Some transition metals can form cations with more than one charge. Iron is an example of such a metal. It forms the ferrous, or iron (II), ions which have a +2 charge. It also forms the ferric, or iron(III), ions which have a +3 charge. In this lab you will learn how to test a compound to determine whether it contains iron (II) or iron (III). These tests will be useful if you need to identify and write the formula for an iron-containing compound.
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Ternary Ionic Compounds
Formula Ions Name Ca(NO3) Ca+2 and NO Calcium Nitrate Ca(NO2) Ca+2 and NO Calcium Nitrite The system does not change with multiple valence cations! Fe(NO3) Fe2+ and NO Iron (II) Nitrate or Ferrous Nitrate
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TRY A FEW MgCO3 NaClO3 Al2(Cr2O7)3 CuCr2O7
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PRACTICE TIP ( ) Na C2H3O2 Formulas with more than two symbols…
Skip the first symbol, and place a parenthesis around the rest! ( ) Na C2H3O2
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THUS FAR… ????????????????
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You’ll have to “LOOK THESE UP” until they become more familiar.
The Polyatomic Anions ION Name ION Name NO Nitrate ClO Perchlorate NO Nitrite ClO Chlorate SO Sulfite ClO Chlorite SO Sulfate ClO1- Hypochlorite HSO41- Hydrogen Sulfate (or Bisulfate) (Still SO4-2… but reduced by H+1) You’ll have to “LOOK THESE UP” until they become more familiar. Don’t memorize… familiarize… decode systems & recognize patterns!!!
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Some Polyatomic Anions You Just Can’t Find...
SeO IO IO- Let the TABLE be your guide !!! SO4-2 = sulfate… SeO4-2 = selenate ClO3- = chlorate… IO3- = iodate ClO- = hypochlorite… IO- = hypoiodite ARE YOU WITH ME?… Which polyatomic anions are necessary for agriculture and plant reproduction? GeO3-2 germinate and pollinate PoO4-2
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COMPOUND EXAMPLE: NH4OH
Ionic Compound ISSUES NOTE: the -ide ending for an anion name is reserved for “mono-element” anions with a few extremely important exceptions. OH- = hydroxide CN- = cyanide O22- = peroxide COMPOUND EXAMPLE: NH4OH
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ASSIGNMENT: page 266 #14-19
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Starts with “H” ACID NOMENCLATURE
How do you know a formula is that of an ACID? Starts with “H” What 2 types of ACID formulas will we name? BINARY: HCl, H2S, H3N… TERTIARY: HClO3, H2SO4, HNO3…
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ACID NOMENCLATURE BINARY TERNARY (oxyacids) HCl Hydrochloric Acid H2S
“Hydro” ______ic Acid TERNARY (oxyacids) H __ __ __ … “-ate groups” form “-ic acids” “-ite groups form - -“ous acids” HCl Hydrochloric Acid HNO3 contains nitrate Nitric acid HNO2 contains nitrite Nitrous acid H2S Hydrosulfuric Acid
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FIND “IUPAC” NAMES: HBr HI HIO3 HIO2 H2SO4
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WRITE FORMULAS: hydrosulfuric acid hydrofluoric acid bromic acid bromous acid hypobromous acid
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ASSIGNMENT: page 273 #26-33
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This lab activity requires mixing ionic compounds, determining AND naming products… and writing equations to represent the formation of each precipitate
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FINALLY… THE LAST TYPE OF COMPOUND TO NAME
NON-METALS with NON-METALS
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Formula Systematic Name Common Name
MOLECULAR COMPOUNDS Formula Systematic Name Common Name NO Nitrogen Monoxide Nitric Oxide N2O Dinitrogen Monoxide Nitrous Oxide NO2 Nitrogen Dioxide Nitrogen Peroxide N2O5 Dinitrogen Pentoxide Nitric Anhydride N2O3 Dinitrogen Trioxide Nitrous Anhydride
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ASSIGNMENT: page 270 #20-25
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ASSIGNMENT: RESEARCH AN INORGANIC COMPOUND CREATE A 3 SLIDE PRESENTATION Feature its: formula, IUPAC name, common name, uses, value, availability (how/where it is obtained), any hazardous and/or legal issues, etc.
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ON-LINE PRACTICE:
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PRACTICE… Provide IUPAC NAMES
Common Name Chemical Formula a. Sugar of lead Pb(C2H3O2) b. Blue vitrol CuSO4 c. Epsom salts MgSO d. Milk of magnesia Mg(OH) e. Gypsum CaSO f. Laughing Gas N2O
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