1. Content-level intellectual control for digital archives
Jinfang Niu
School of Information
University of South Florida

2. Archival intellectual control
“the creation of tools such as catalogs, finding aids, or other guides that enable researchers to locate relevant materials relevant to their interests.” From Richard Pearce-Moses, A Glossary of Archival and Records Terminology.
Creation of catalogs, finding aids and other guides
Help researchers locate records
Traditionally aggregate control dominate
Item-level control is becoming common, especially for digital records

3. The evolution of intellectual control
Today, the intellectual control of digital records reaches below the item level
Content-level control
Description of item components
Annotation of textual content
Description of individual entities, variables or survey questions within datasets
Content-level control helps discover information from the content of records, instead of discovering records.

4. Description of item components
A multi-page manuscript document (an item) may be digitized as several computer files, each of which is for one page.
The scanner may automatically capture some metadata for each page
Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software can provide the transcripts for the content of each page.
In this case, page level control enables users to locate the particular page where the searched content is from.
Example: coll32/id/197
You can see metadata for each individual page, in addition to metadata for the record level

5. Annotation of textual content
The collection documents Perlman's career as an economist and author at <corpname>University of Pittsburgh</corpname> and reflects his interest in work arbitration, trade unions, and the economics of public health. Among correspondents are many noted economists, including <persname >Martin Shubik </persname>, and <persname>Martin Bronfenbrenner </persname>. While many of the letters are personal in nature, others contain considerable information about Perlman's work, particularly in the years around the publication of his works <title>Judges in Industry: A Study of Labor Arbitration in Australia</title> <date type="publication">(1954)</date>. Additional correspondence relates to the publication of the <title >Journal of Economic Literature</title>.
adapted from one example in the EAD tag library.
The markup helps users find entities of particular types, more accurate than pure keyword search.

6. Description of individual entities in datasets
Support the discovery of individual entities within datasets
Eg. Search for individual passengers based on last name, first name, age, country of origin, destination city/county, and other factors within the data file “Russians to America Passenger Data File, 1834– 1897” in the Access to Archival Databases (AAD) of NARA.

7. Description of variables and survey questions within datasets
Support the discovery of variables
Common in social science data archives
Supported by the DDI standard
Metadata for individual entities, variables and survey questions are usually not originally created by archivists. However, archivists have the responsibility of checking their accuracy and completeness.

8. Want to read more about this?
Jinfang Niu (2016) Archival Intellectual Control in the Digital Age, Journal of Archival Organization, 12:3-4, , DOI: /

9. Thanks! Questions?