1. Chapter 9: Federalist Era 1789-1800
Lesson 1: The First President
EQ: What are the characteristics of a leader?

2. Bell Ringer: Summary
Review your notes and write down you summary for Ch. 7.2.
Don’t forget to also answer EQ.

3. Home Learning: Define Vocabulary Chapter 9, Lesson 1
precedent
cabinet
bond
tariff

4. Federalists vs. Anti-federalists
Constitution was written, but it had to be ratified (agreed) to by the states.
People in favor of the Constitution= FEDERALISTS.
People opposed to the Constitution = ANTI-FEDERALISTS.

5. Federal vs. State Gov. Federalists Anti-federalists
Favor Federal gov. stronger than the State governments.
Constitution took too much power away from state gov.
Did not guarantee people’s rights.
Afraid that the federal gov. would become too powerful, like the kings.

6. Federalists Anti-federalists
Supported removing some powers from the states and giving more powers to the Federal Government
Wanted important political powers to remain with the states
Favored dividing powers among different branches of government
Wanted the Legislative Branch to have more power than the Executive Branch
Proposed a single person to lead the Executive Branch
Feared that a strong executive might become a king or a tyrant
Believed a Bill of Rights needed to be added to the Constitution to protect people’s rights

7. The Federalist Papers
Three politicians wrote The Federalist Papers and printed in New York newspapers.
The papers argued in favor of ratifying the Constitution.
John Jay, Alexander Hamilton, and James Madison wrote the Federalist Papers.

8. Nation was divided between Federalists and the Anti – federalists.
Federalists outnumbered the Anti-federalists.
Founding Fathers didn’t want the country to be divided.
So, they agreed to add a Bill of Rights to the Constitution.
This convinced all states to ratify the constitution.

9. The Bill of Rights James Madison drafted the Bill of Rights
He added these ten amendments to the Constitution—all states agreed.
In 1791 these rights became law.

10. Activity: Washington Takes Office
Read Washington Takes Office Ch. 9, Lesson 1 (pg )
Create a Presidential Profile
Categories to Include:
Name him, year he takes office
Name Vice President
Image (portrait)
Accomplishment: Identify and explain one of Washington’s accomplishments in detail.
Write one paragraph:
Explain his accomplishment.
Why do you think his accomplishment is important?

11. Washington Takes Office
Election
Elected in 1789
Vice President  John Adams
Washington established precedents (traditions) followed by other presidents
Accomplishments
Judiciary Act of 1789 set up court system
Bill of Rights protects liberties ( ex. freedom of speech)

12. Washington’s Cabinet Three Departments & two Offices
State Dept.: manages foreign relations
- Thomas Jefferson
Dept. of Treasury: handles financial matters
– Alexander Hamilton
Dept. of War: provided for the nations defense
Attorney General: Handles legal affairs

13. Alex Hamilton Fixes the Economy
USA in Financial Trouble
Federal gov. was in debt after the American Revolution –owes to foreign countries and to American citizens
US federal government issued bonds (paper notes) promising to pay back in certain length of time.
The gov. needs to pay this debt!

14. Hamilton’s Plan to Fix the Economy
Read
Identify and explain Hamilton’s 3 Plans to fix the economy
Hamilton’s Plans to fix the economy

15. 1. Hamilton's Plan to Pay Debt
Plan: Pay Back Debt
Pay back borrowed money to other countries and American citizens; pay off the debt of state governments.
Opposition to Hamilton
Southern states didn’t want the federal government to pay ALL states’ debt = Southern states had built less debt than Northern States.
Hamilton’s Solution
To win support of Southern States = the state capital is moved to the South = Washington, DC (between Maryland and Virginia).

16. 2. Hamilton and the Bank To build a STRONG National Economy
Plan: Hamilton asked Congress to create a National Bank.
Bank will print a single type of money for ALL States
Opposed by James Madison and Thomas Jefferson who believed the bank would only help the wealthy—Washington supported it.

17. 3. Hamilton and the Tariff
Plan: He proposes a tariff (tax on imports from foreign countries) to help American companies
Foreign products are EXPENSIVE, American made products are Affordable

18. Before you Advertise
As you watch the video answer the following questions?
Why did President Washington choose Washington, DC (located between Virginia and Maryland) as our capital?
What was Washington DC like before it was built?

19. Conclusion: Characteristics of a Leader
So far you have learned about Alexander Hamilton and George Washington. Answer the following:
What are the characteristics of a leader?
After reading the lesson, why do you think Washington was a good leader?
After reading the lesson, why do you think Alexander Hamilton was a good leader?

20. EXTRA, EXTRA: Read all about Alexander’s Plan to Fix the US Economy
Now that you know about Alex Hamilton. Write a newspaper article reporting on his three plans to fix the US economy.
Use your book: pg and notes
REMEMBER: What, Who, When, Where, Why, and How?
September 18, 1789

21. Activity: The new capital Washington, DC.
Make an advertisement to gain support for locating the United States capital in Washington DC.
You must:
Write a description of the location
List the benefits of the new location
Explain why Alexander Hamilton wants to move the capital to Washington DC.