1. COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE ADJECTIVES
Teacher :m.shah hamzei
Farzanegan highschooh 1

2. Comparatives & Superlatives
Comparatives are used to show the difference between two objects.
Superlatives are used to show the difference between more than two objects.

3. To make the comparative form of adjectives (like 'bigger' or 'more expensive') and the superlative form (like 'biggest' or 'most expensive'), first we need to know how many syllables are in the adjective.

4. Adjectives with one syllable
Comparatives
Superlatives
Usually if an adjective has only one syllable, we add 'er' to make the comparative form.
small → smaller
young → younger
We add 'est' to make the superlative form.
small → smallest
young → youngest

5. There are some spelling changes
There are some spelling changes. If there is one vowel followed by one consonant at the end of the adjective, we often double the consonant.
wet → wetter / wettest
big → bigger / biggest
hot → hotter / hottest
thin → thinner / thinnest

6. If the adjective ends in 'y', this often changes to 'i'.
If the adjective ends in 'e', we don't add another 'e', just 'r'.
wise → wiser /wisest
nice → nicer / nicest
large → larger / largest
If the adjective ends in 'y', this often changes to 'i'.
dry → drier / driest funny → funnier/funniest
happy → happier/ happiest
angry → angrier /angriest
busy → busier/ busiest

7. There are a few adjectives that we have to use 'more' or 'most' with, even though they only have one syllable. We CAN'T add 'er' or 'est'.
 fun → more fun / most fun (NOT funner / funnest)
 real → more real / most real (NOT realer / realest)
 right → more right / most right (NOT righter / rightest)
 wrong → more wrong / most wrong (NOT wronger / wrongest)

8. Adjectives with two syllables
Comparatives
Superlatives
With most two-syllable adjectives, you form the comparative with more.
peaceful → more peaceful
pleasant → more pleasant
careful → more careful
thoughtful → more thoughtful
With most two-syllable adjectives, you form the
superlative with most.
peaceful → most peaceful
pleasant → most pleasant
careful → most careful
thoughtful → most thoughtful

9. Two-syllable adjectives that follow two rules
Two-syllable adjectives that follow two rules. These adjectives can be used with - er and -est and with more and most.
clever → cleverer /more clever gentle →gentler/more gentle friendly →friendlier/more friendly quiet →quieter/more quiet simple → simpler /more simple narrow → narrower/ more narrow

10. Irregular Adjectives
Exceptions:
There are also some irregular adjectives. We just need to learn these forms.
 good → better / best
 bad → worse / worst
 far → further / furthest → farther / farthest
 little → less / least
 many &much → more / most

11. AS + ADJECTIVE + AS
To compare people, places, events or things, when there is no difference, use
as+ adjective +as
Peter is 24 years old. John is 24 years old. Peter is as old as John.
A tiger is as dangerous as a lion.
Not As ... As
In informal English, the following construction is often used:
not as + form of adjective+ as
He is not as clever as his brother.

12. The elephant is fatter than the giraffe.
The ant is smaller than the hippo.
The elephant is fatter than the giraffe.
The girl is happier than the duck.

13. The butterfly is small
The butterfly is more beautiful than the frog.
The ant is the smallest
The elephant is the heaviest.
The airplane is the most expensive.