1. “Cross-Border Insolvency Proceedings: Detecting Best
SaveComp conference
“Cross-Border Insolvency Proceedings: Detecting Best
Practices”
The Debtor’s property selling in the cross-border insolvency proceedings
Daiga Sproģe, LL.M, Dr.iur.cand
Rīga, Latvija

2. The Insolvency Proceedings
Definition: a complex of the measures of legal character, in order to protect the interests of the body of creditors, and, if possible to renew paying capacity of the insolvency subject
Voluntary insolvency - is a bankruptcy proceeding initiated by the debtor;
Involuntary insolvency - is a bankruptcy proceeding initiated by the creditor to force the debtor to declare bankruptcy or be legally declared bankrupt

3. EU Cross-border insolvency proceedings
The insolvency proceeding gets the cross-border status in case, if a debtor has assets and/or creditors in more then one Member State
In order to achieve the aim of improving the effectiveness of insolvency proceedings having cross-border effects, it is necessary, and appropriate, that the provisions on jurisdiction, recognition and applicable law in this area should be contained in a Union measure which is binding and directly applicable in all Member States
Tiesiskās aizsardzības process - tiesiska rakstura pasākumu kopums, kura mērķis ir atjaunot parādnieka spēju nokārtot savas saistības, ja parādnieks nonācis finansiālās grūtībās vai uzskata, ka tajās nonāks
Juridiskās personas maksātnespējas process - tiesiska rakstura pasākumu kopums, kura ietvaros no parādnieka mantas tiek segti kreditoru prasījumi, lai veicinātu parādnieka saistību izpildi
Fiziskās personas maksātnespējas process - tiesiska rakstura pasākumu kopums, kura mērķis ir pēc iespējas pilnīgāk apmierināt kreditoru prasījumus no parādnieka mantas un dot iespēju parādniekam, kura manta un ienākumi nav pietiekami visu saistību segšanai, tikt atbrīvotam no neizpildītajām saistībām un atjaunot maksātspēju

4. Regulation on Insolvency Proceedings (I)4
Regulation on Insolvency Proceedings (I)
Council Regulation (EC) No 1346/2000 of 29 May 2000 on insolvency proceedings (thereinafter – Regulation I), which is in force since 31st May of 2002, but in Latvia since May 1st of 2004
Regulation I applies to insolvency proceedings, whether the debtor is a natural person or a legal person, a trader or an individual
Insolvency proceedings concerning insurance undertakings, credit institutions, investment undertakings should be excluded from the scope of this Regulation I

5. Regulation on Insolvency Proceedings (II)
European Parliament and the Council of the European Union, having regard to the proposal from the European Commission, have adopted Regulation (EU) 2015/848 of 20 May 2015 on Insolvency proceedings (hereinafter – Regulation II) The provisions of Regulation II shall apply only to insolvency proceedings opened after June 26 of 2017

6. The Debtor’s Property funds;
The property of a insolvent debtor is the immovable property and moveable property of a debtor, including:
funds;
the property recovered in accordance with the national Law;
fruits that have been acquired from the property of the debtor during the insolvency proceedings of a legal person;
and other property legally acquired during the insolvency proceedings of a insolvent person (Insolvency Law of the Republic of Latvia, 2010:93)

7. The Debtor’s Property Selling (I)
Each Member State’s normative acts intend different methods of sale of the property of a debtor coordinated with the secured creditor:
with an auction;
without an auction
The problems arise at the moment when insolvency proceedings administrator establishes the immovable property in the different Member State and proceedings are mostly related to the selling procedure due to the law of the Member State where the immovable property is located
The frontal problem is the lack of the information; therefore, insolvency practitioner does not get the information about possible property in different Member States or outside the European Union

8. The Debtor’s Property Selling (II)
What happens in the insolvency proceedings State, where the immovable property is possible to be sold only on the public auction? The insolvency administrator finds out that in this Member State it is possible to sell the property at an auction, but the problem is that such auction can be organized only through special electronic means and only local insolvency administrators have an access to such auction system
To resolve the mentioned problem it would be necessary to provide that all property selling procedures by public auction should be organized by using electronic means within the European Union (Latvian insolvency administrators sell debtor’s property in the electronic auction site – since )

9. The Debtor’s Property Selling (III)
Another resolution to the problem that insolvency administrators cannot or it is difficult to sell the immoveable property, which is located in another Member State, would be to permit to open the secondary proceedings at the Member State, where property is located, without any requirement for establishment within the territory of that Member State
Necessary to consummate Regulation II Article 3 (2) and provide that in case it is impossible or complicated to sell the immoveable property, which is located in another Member State, the courts can open the secondary insolvency proceedings (run in parallel to the main insolvency proceedings)

10. Transparency of Cross-border Insolvency Proceedings (I)10
Transparency of Cross-border Insolvency Proceedings (I)
The frontal problems concerning the procedural framework for determining jurisdiction is lack of information about the possible property of debtor in the other Member State or somewhere else
At this moment insolvency administrator can find the information about the debtor’s property in the local public registers
Not always the debtor performs duties in good faith…

11. Transparency of Cross-border Insolvency proceedings (II)11
Transparency of Cross-border Insolvency proceedings (II)
Regulation II provides for the interconnection of the Insolvency Registers of each Member State via the European e-Justice Portal ( The certain minimum information relating to the insolvency proceedings should be published in an electronic register and should be available to the public free of charge
This provision is in force since June 26th of 2016 and helps insolvency administrators to find out the necessary information about the each Member State local legislation and therefore debtor’s property selling methods
By analogy with the Insolvency Registers in order to promote the honouring of the debtor’s obligations it should be necessary to include in the Regulation II a provision ensuring that Land register offices or similar institutions in all Member states interconnect in one Land Register that would be available to the insolvency administrators within the EU

12. THANK YOU VERY MUCH! Daiga Sproģe, Dr.iur.cand.12
THANK YOU VERY MUCH!
Daiga Sproģe, Dr.iur.cand.
Turiba University, Faculty of Law,
lecturer
(Latvia)