1. NOAA Transition to New Direct Readout Systems for GOES-R Presented to CGMS-44 WGI session, agenda item 3.2

2. Getting Ready for the GOES-R Series: Transitioning from GVAR to GRB

3. GOES-R at Test Location – First 12 Months

4. Transitioning from GOES-13/14/15 to GOES-R
Improved data products for hemispheric retransmission
“GOES Rebroadcast” (GRB)
Faster full disk images: 5 minutes (Mode 4) - 15 minutes (Mode 3)
Full set of Level 1b data: 6 GOES-R instruments (16 ABI channels)
Requires new antenna, receiver hardware, and processing system to handle the new data volumes
Receiver frequency shift from MHz to MHz
Dual circular polarized signals
Going from 2.11 Mbps (GVAR) to 31 Mbps (GRB)
GRB down link specifications and data format specifications:
GOES-R launch – 13 Oct 2016

5. Transition from GVAR to GRB
GOES Variable (GVAR)
GOES Rebroadcast (GRB)
Full Disk Image
30 Minutes
5 Minutes (Mode 4)
15 min (Mode 3)
Other Modes
Rapid Scan, Super Rapid Scan
3000 km X 5000 km
(CONUS: 5 minute)
1000 km X 1000 km
(Mesoscale: 30 seconds)
Polarization
None
Dual Circular Polarized
Receiver Center Frequency
MHz (L-Band)
MHz (L-Band)
Data Rate
2.11 Mbps
31 Mbps
Antenna Coverage
Earth Coverage to 50
Data Sources
Imager and Sounder
ABI (16 bands), GLM, SEISS, EXIS, SUVI, MAG
Space Weather
~2 Mbps
Lightning Data
0.5 Mbps

6. GRB Downlink Characteristics
Input Center Frequency: MHz
Content (specified for each of two polarization channels: LHCP, RHCP)
L1b data, QC data and metadata: ABI, SUVI, EXIS, SEISS, MAG
L2 data, QC data, metadata: GLM
GRB Information Packets
Data rate
31 Mbps maximum data rate
15.5 Mbps instantaneous maximum for each polarization channel
Downlink link margin: 2.5 db
Compression - Lossless compression required
JPEG2000 (ABI, SUVI) and SZIP (GLM); EXIS, SEISS and MAG data will not be compressed
Format
Outer Frame Format: DVB-S2
Inner Frame Format: CCSDS Space Packet
Coding
BCH + LDPC (2/3) for 8-PSK and LDPC (9/10) for QPSK
Modem Required C/No (dB-Hz): 78.6
Maximum Demodulator Required Eb/No (dB) for 1x10-10 BER:
3.7 dB (8 PSK); 3.9 dB (QPSK)
Minimum Antenna System G/T (dB/K) : 15.2 db/K (at 50 Elevation)

7. GRB Ground Antenna Sizes
GOES-West
GOES-East
NOTES:
Calculations based on available data as of May 2011
Each antenna size is usable within the indicated contour
Rain attenuations included are:
1.3/1.6/2.0/2.2/2.5 dB (3.8 to 6 m)
4. An operating margin of 2.5 dB is included as the dual polarization isolation is likely to vary within each antenna size area

8. GOES-R System Architecture

9. GRB Resources for Users
GRB Downlink Specification Document for Users Provides GOES Rebroadcast radio frequency downlink characteristics, to enable the user community to develop GRB receivers
GOES-R Product Users Guide (PUG)
Describes the format and content of GRB data

10. Community Satellite Processing Package (CSPP) Geo Direct Broadcast
Open source software developed by SSEC/CIMSS:
The GRB software package contains:
Software capable of processing CCSDS packets and outputting NetCDF-4 files containing ABI Level 1b, GLM Level 2, and all space weather instrument L1b data.
Software to generate GeoTiff and .png images for each ABI band.
GEOCAT- developed by NESDIS/CIMSS Geo Cloud Algorithm Team

11. GOES-R Transition Summary
GRB allows real time distribution of all Level-1b GOES-R data products for direct read out users
Direct Readout users need to upgrade their equipment for GOES-R
Significant increase in data rate
New data format
Documents and updates to be posted on the GOES-R web site:

12. Transitioning HRIT/EMWIN from GOES NOP to GOES-R
NOAA NWS Emergency Managers Weather Information Network (EMWIN) is a priority-driven weather data broadcast service broadcast
Alerts/Watches/Warnings
Forecasts, Graphic Format Products and Imagery
Low cost ground receive stations
The NOAA NESDIS Low Rate Information Transmission (LRIT) is a collection of reduced resolution GOES and MTSAT imagery and products
GOES Visible, Infrared and Water Vapor Imagery at 4 Km Spatial Resolution
Himawari Visible, Infrared and Water Vapor Imagery on LRIT-West
Tropical Storm Information
Copy of GOES Data Collection Service (GOES-DCS)
HRIT/EMWIN data service will be provided in the existing Global Specification for HRIT/LRIT
The GOES-R HRIT/EMWIN service combines LRIT and EMWIN with GOES-DCS on a single ~ 1 Meter Antenna

13. Transitioning from LRIT and EMWIN to HRIT/EMWIN
LRIT / EMWIN Based
on GOES NOP
HRIT/EMWIN
On GOES-R Series
Full Disk, NH, SH images
3 Hourly Full Disk; .5 hour NH/SH; follows GOES East/West Schedule. RSO issue
Variable but planned 3 Channels of Full Disk every 15 minutes
Modulation
LRIT BPSK
EMWIN offset QPSK
BPSK
Receiver Center Frequency
LRIT MHz (L-Band)
EMWIN MHz (L-Band)
MHz (L-Band)
Data Rate
LRIT 128 Kbps
EMWIN 19.2 Kbps
400 Kbps
Antenna Coverage
Earth Coverage to 50
Imagery Data Sources
GOES NOP Imager (IR,VIS,WV)
MTSAT Imager
ABI (3 or more bands)
HBI (3 bands hourly-GOES W
EMWIN Products
Full Suite of Current Products
Combined w/ LRIT Products
GOES DCS
Copy of DCS observations
Copy of observations

14. Transitioning HRIT/EMWIN from GOES NOP to GOES-R
Improved data products for hemispheric retransmission
Faster full disk images: between 15 and 30 minutes
Warnings, Watches, Tropical Storm Information
Copy of GOES Data Collection System (GOES DCS)
Requires new antenna and receiver hardware
Receiver frequency shift to MHz from:
EMWIN MHz and LRIT
BPSK Modulation; EMWIN shift from Offset QPSK
Data Rate to a combined 400 Kilobits per Second from: EMWIN: 19.2 Kbps and LRIT : 128 Kbps (combined 147.2)

15. HRIT/EMWIN Transition Summary
HRIT/EMWIN will provide at least 3 channels of GOES-NOP and / or GOES-R imagery along with warnings, watches and forecast products along with a copy of the GOES-DCS observations
New data rate, center frequency and modulation (EMWIN Users)
Ground receive stations are COTS utilizing a 1 – 1.2 meter antenna
Documents and updates to be posted on the GOES-R web site:

16. Back-up Slides

17. GRB Resources and Documentation
Community Satellite Processing Package (CSPP) GRB Prototype 0.1 Release
Prototype release of the CSPP Geo GRB software that will allow Direct Broadcast users to process GOES Rebroadcast (GRB) data received on their antennas from the GOES-R satellite, after it is launched in 2016.
The main functionality included in this release is to ingest a simulated GRB data stream, recover Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) Level 1 and Geostationary Lightning Mapper (GLM) Level 2 data payloads, reconstruct the datasets, and write output to mission-standard NetCDF files. Optionally, quick look images can be generated from the ABI radiances.
Later releases will add support for recovering data from the remaining GOES-R instruments: SUVI, EXIS, MAG and SEISS.
This software is supported on 64-bit Centos6-compatible Linux platforms.
Publicly available for download (and free to use) at:

18. Details of the GRB Dual Polarized Signal
LHCP: L1b products from ABI 0.64 um band and 6 IR bands (3.9, 6.185, 7.34, 11.2, 12.3, and 13.3 um)
RHCP: L1b products from ABI bands 0.47, 0.865, 1.378, 1.61, 2.25, 6.95, 8.5, 9.6 and 10.35um, L2+ GLM, L1b SUVI, L1b EXIS, L1b SEISS, and L1b Magnetometer products
Ensures load balanced utilization of the two circular polarizations, allowing users to receive all GRB products with a dual-polarized system (both LHCP and RHCP), and allowing users flexibility to receive GOES Imager legacy channels with a single polarized system (LHCP only).

19. Details of the GRB Dual Polarized Signal
Reception of the GRB data requires a fixed dish antenna
Dual feed horns connected to 2 Low Noise Amplifiers (LNAs)
The LNA outputs are connected to RF/IF down-converters
RF/IF down-converters connected to DVB-S2 capable receivers
The GRB downlink center frequency of MHz requires an antenna G/T of 15.2 dB/K for worst-case locations.
This equates to a 4.5 meter dish with a system noise temperature of 120K.
Most CONUS locations are anticipated to have acceptable performance with a 3.8 meter dish.
You will need a new receive system from antenna to computer.

20. GRB Channel Content Summary
ABI L1b image Data (compressed)
QC bits
Metadata
Space packet overhead
SUVI L1b image Data (compressed)
L2 Lightning Events/ Flashes/ Groups (compressed)
L1b EXIS, MAG, SEISS science data
GRB Information Packets
CFDP Overhead
Channel Synchronization and Coding
Error Correction
For each instrument: image data + metadata + CCSDS Space Packet overhead
ABI has per pixel QC bits, coded separately
ABI, SUVI, GLM compressed
GRB Info packets via CCSDS File Delivery Protocol (CFDP)
Channel synchronization and coding (link layer) for DVB-S2
Error correction (LDPC)
Note: This is a catalog of the contents and not a sequential organization of the stream
ABI
SUVI
Included in two
15.5 Mbps Bandwidth channels
GLM
Other
Info Packets

21. GRB Data Characteristics
Each GRB data packet contains two data structures.
IPDU header containing information extracted from the transfer frames
CCSDS packet containing instrument or satellite data
Each CCSDS packet has a unique application identifier (APID):
IPDU (32 Bytes)
CCSDS Packet
APID Start (Hex)
APID End(Hex)
Instrument
000
0FF
Reserved
100
1FF
ABI GRB
200
2FF
GLM GRB
300
3FF
EXIS GRB
400
4FF
SEISS GRB
500
5FF
SUVI GRB
600
6FF
Mag GRB
700
710
Info GRB
711
7FF

22. GRB Data Packet CCSDS Structure
GRB CCSDS Packet Data
Each packet is made up of four segments:
Primary Header
Specified by CCSDS
Separate products have their own APID
Secondary Header
Always present in GRB Packets
Conformant with CCSDS Secondary Header specification
Contains Version Number and Packet Type
Assembler ID identifies the uplink location of GRB Assembly generating the packet (WCDAS/RBU)
Operational Environment identifies the Data Production Environment within the Ground System (OE, ITE, DE)
GRB Data Payload (Science Data)
Contains the actual product data
Imagery, Atomic Blobs, or GRB Info
CRC
32-bit Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) to assure packet was received correctly.
GRB Data Packet CCSDS Structure 1 2 3 4

23. GRB Data Extraction

24. HRIT/EMWIN Downlink Characteristics
Coding – BPSK
Convolutional rate ½ code with constraint length 7 concatenated with Reed Solomon (255,223) with Interleave = 4
Square Root Raised Cosine filtering using an Alpha factor of 0.3
The resulting “Necessary Bandwidth” for this signal will be MHz
Modem Required: predicted C/No is in the range of dB
Maximum Demodulator Required is -
Eb/No is 4.6 dB for a BER of 1x10-8 after decoding
Minimum Antenna System
At 5 degree elevation, the minimum antenna is 1.2 meter.
At 10 degrees or more elevation the minimum size is 1.0 meter
Using a LNA or LNB with a system noise temperature of about 200 K will provide a G/T of 1.0 dB/K or -0.3 dB/K respectively