1. Appendicular Skeleton and Joints
Lab Exercise 9 Activates 1-5 p
Lab Exercise 10 Activities 1-2, 5-6 p

2. Objectives
Locate and recognize the bones of the appendicular skeleton relating the unique structure of each to its function in forming joints and providing locations for tendon and ligament attachment
Identify bones both as part of a skeleton and disarticulated
Observe joint models noting ligament attachment and range of movement

3. Appendicular Skeleton
Pectoral Girdle
Parts/Markings
Clavicle (2)
sternal end, acromial end
Scapula (2)
acromion process, coracoid process, glenoid fossa, spine, superior, lateral and medial borders

6. Appendicular Skeleton
Upper Limbs
Parts/Markings
Humerus (2)
head, coronoid fossa, olecranon fossa, greater tubercle, lateral and medial epicondyles, trochlea, capitulum
Radius (2)
head, styloid process, radial tuberosity
Ulna (2)
trochlear notch, olecranon, coronoid process, styloid process, head
Carpals (16)
Metacarpals (10)
Phalanges of digits (28)
proximal, middle and distal (except thumb with just proximal and distal)

14. Appendicular Skeleton
Pelvic girdle
Parts/Markings
coxal bone: composed of ilium, ischium, pubis
acetabulum, iliac crest, sacroiliac joint, obturator foramen

20. Appendicular Skeleton
Lower limbs
Parts/Markings
Femur (2)
head, neck, greater trochanter, lesser trochanter, lateral condyle, medial condyle
Patella (2)
Tibia (2)
medial condyle, lateral condyle, medial malleolus, tibial tuberosity
Fibula (2)
head, lateral malleolus
Tarsals (14)
calcaneus, talus
Metatarsals (10)
Phalanges of digits (28)
proximal, middle, and distal of all except phalanx I (big toe)

27. Joints (Articulations)
Classified by structure :
Fibrous
Cartilaginous
Synovial
Classified by function (movement allowed) :
Synarthrosis
Amphiarthrosis
Diarthrosis

28. For Review
Complete p #1-13 Complete p. 114 all Complete p #1-8

29. Joints (Articulations)

30. Synarthrosis

31. Amphiarthrosis

32. Diarthrosis

33. Diarthrosis (Synovial) Articulations

34. Demonstrate Movements of Synovial Joints
Flexion-sagittal plane, decreasing the angle of the joint
Extension-sagittal plane, increasing angle of the joint to anatomical position. Beyond anatomical position is termed hyperextention
Abduction-frontal plane, moving a limb away for the median plane
Adduction-frontal plane, moving limb toward midline

38. Demonstrate Movements of Synovial Joints
Rotation-moving a bone around its longitudinal axis
Circumduction-flexsion, extention, abduction, and adduction of a limb that moves distal end of limb in a circle
Pronation-movement of palm of hand to the posterior facing position
Supination-movement of the palm of the hand to the anterior facing position

42. Demonstrate Movements of Synovial Joints
Inversion-medial turning of the sole of the foot
Eversion-lateral turning of the sole of the foot
Dorsiflexion-movement of the ankle joint in the dorsal direction (standing in one’s heel)
Plantarflexion-movement of the ankle joint in which the toes are flexed down (toes pointed)