1. Introduction to Matter
Essential Questions:
1.What properties define matter?
2.What is the difference between mass and weight?
Objectives:
Describe the properties that define matter.
Explain the difference between weight and mass.
Compare the densities of various objects.

2. Mass, Volume, & Density

3. What is matter? Anything that has mass and takes up space.
Makes up the materials around you.

4. What is mass?
Mass: Measurement of the amount of matter (or stuff) in an object
Measured in grams (g)

5. What is weight?
Weight: measure of the gravitational force of an object.

6. What is the difference between mass and weight?
Weight can change depending on an object’s location but mass stays the same.
Weight

7. What is volume? Measurement of the amount of space an object takes up
Measured in milliliters (ml) or cm3

8. Measuring Volume using a formula

9. Measuring Volume using water displacement

10. The mass is the same but the volume of the rock would be greater.
Which do you think would have the greater volume? The greater mass? Why?
The mass is the same but the volume of the rock would be greater.
1 kg of rocks
1 kg of feathers

11. What is density?
Density is defined as a measure of the amount of mass in a given volume. It is a measure of how tightly packed (volume) and how heavy (mass) the molecules are in an object.
Density is the amount of matter within a certain volume.

12. Which one is more dense? Demonstration: People in a square
Which square is more dense?
The square on the right because there are more people pack into the same space. The volume is the same but the mass is different.
D = m/v
D= 5/5 D = 1
D= 20/5 D = 4

13. Which one is more dense? Now which one is more dense?
D = m/v
D = 4/1
D = 4
D = m/v
D= 4/2 D= 2
The object on the left because the people are pack close together in a smaller space. The mass is the same but the volume is different.

14. Change Mass AND Keep Volume Same
Ways to Affect Density
Change Mass AND Keep Volume Same
Increase the mass  increase density Decrease the mass  decrease in density Which container has more density? A B

15. Change Volume AND Keep Mass Same
Ways to Affect Density
Change Volume AND Keep Mass Same
Increase the volume  decrease density Decrease the volume  increase density Which container has more density? A B

16. What 2 ways will INCREASE density?
Keep the same mass AND decrease the volume
Keep the same volume AND increase the mass

17. How to calculate density:
Formula:
M = mass V= volume D = density
M = D x V V = M / D D = M / V
Units for density g/cm3 or g/ml

18. Find the mass of the object Find the volume of the object
To find density:
Find the mass of the object
Find the volume of the object
Divide : Density = Mass - Volume
Ex. If the mass of an object is 35 grams and it takes up 7 cm3 of space, calculate the density.
35 g
D = 5 cm3
7 cm3

19. Ex. A basalt rock displaces 16 mL of water
Ex. A basalt rock displaces 16 mL of water. The density of the rock is 3.0 g/cm3
What is the mass of the rock?
M = 48 g
3.0 g/cm3
16 mL

20. Water and Density Water has a density of 1 g/mL
Any object with a density greater than 1 g/mL will sink.
Any object with a density less than 1 g/mL will float.
Example: Wood has a density of .85 g/ cm3
Will wood sink or float in water?
float

21. Liquid Layers
If you pour together liquids that don’t mix and have different densities, they will form liquid layers.
The liquid with the highest density will be on the bottom.
The liquid with the lowest density will be on the top.
Objects or substances with MORE density will sink below objects or substances with LESS density
Which do you think is MORE dense,
Water or Oil???

22. Water, Oil…and a Superball
The oil is less dense than the water, so it’s on top. The superball is less dense than water, but more dense than oil, so it sinks to the bottom of the oil layer, yet floats on the top of the water layer.

23. If you have 2 or more substances,
the MORE dense substance will be on bottom
The LESS dense substance will be on top

24. The density of five liquids are measured as follows:
Liquid 1: 1.0 g/mL
Liquid 2: 1.38 g/mL
Liquid 3: 0.77 g/mL
Liquid 4: 2.95 g/mL
Liquid 5: g/mL
Draw a picture of all 5 liquids in a test tube how they would layer according to density
3, 2, 1, 4, 5
1, 2, 3, 4, 5
5, 3, 1, 2, 4
5, 4, 3, 2, 1

25. The density of five liquids are measured as follows:
Liquid 1: 1.0 g/mL
Liquid 2: 1.38 g/mL
Liquid 3: 0.77 g/mL
Liquid 4: 2.95 g/mL
Liquid 5: g/mL
Draw a picture of all 5 liquids in a test tube how they would layer according to density
Liquid 5
Liquid 3
Liquid 1
Liquid 2
Liquid 4

26. Liquid Layers
Check out this picture. Which layer has the highest density?
Which layer has the lowest density?
Imagine that the liquids have the following densities:
10g/cm3. 3g/cm3.
6g/cm3. 5g/cm3.
Which number would go with which layer from top to bottom?
3 g/cm3
5 g/cm3
6 g/cm3
10 g/cm3

27. Liquid Layers – Try with your neighbor
Which liquid has the highest density?
A. Oil
B. Water
C. Syrup

28. Liquid Layers – Try with your neighbor
Which liquid has the lowest density?
A. Oil
B. Water
C. Syrup

29. Liquid Layers – Try with your neighbor
Which liquid has the middle density?
A. Oil
B. Water
C. Syrup

30. Liquid Layers – Try with your neighbor
Which liquid has the highest density?
Which liquid has the lowest density?
Which liquid has the middle density?
Syrup
Oil
Water