1. Who saves the memories for the Future? Libraries in the 21st century
„University and Universality”
International University Conference
13th. October Pécs

2. Scientific communication and publishing
Outcomes of science universities, scientific institutions
Outcomes of science commercial publishers
Commercial publishers have monopoly or oligopoly in the subject of scientific publications the prices are increasing
the libraries can buy less and less scientific publications

3. Scientific communication and publishing
„According to a new study by researchers at the University of Montreal, 53% of all published research papers in 2013 in the natural and medical sciences were produced by just five publishing companies.”

4. Scientific communication and publishing
Content of the scientific databases
In the beginning, in the early ‘90s the content of databases were mostly bibliographic data but nowadays the typical content is full text information: e-journals and e-books.
E.g. Springer has more than 2,900 journals and 200,000 books

5. Electronic Information Service National Programme (EISZ)
Since 2002 a national program for country-wide licensing scientific databases for higher education and scientific research
EISZ has 41 big databases (of which 5 are Hungarian)
EISZ is accessible from
universities
libraries
archives
academic research institutes
COMPASS -
Database of databases and e-journals accessible from Hungary

6. National Science Bibliographic Database (MTMT)
A national database since 2009.
Its aim is to collect bibliographic information about the Hungarian scientific publications
Service provider: the Library of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences
The legal rules for Hungarian scientists, researchers
Members: the Hungarian higher education institutions

7. Open Access Initiative (OAI)
Answer to the problem of commercial scientific publishing
Initiative for free access of scientific publications against to commercial publishers
OAI-PMH for distribution of open access collections -
First examples: preprints archives e.g.
arXiv.org Cornell University Library

8. Open Access Initiative (OAI)
Budapest Open Access Initiative in 2002 at OSA
Original declaration
Suggested strategies
Self-archiving in open electronic archives
Open-access journals
Signatures of the declaration: 6056 individuals and 969 organizations
Translations to many languages

9. Alternative ways to open access „Individual fighters”
Aaron Swartz;
free access to 4,8 million JSTOR articles in
JSTOR prosecution -> Swartz committed suicide
Alexandra Elbakyan Kazakh student in 2011
Sci-hub; 62 million academic papers
„To remove all barriers in the way of science”
Sci-hub is a database, an infrastructure using stolen or donated credentials to bypasses publishers’ paywalls

10. Situation in Hungary – e-journals
Small market size => no real commercial database vendors
More and more Hungarian journals go online but they are scattered, the service and the financing is uncertain
ADT Arcanum Digitheca
One commercial actor - Arcanum
Digitized journals, newspapers, ~ 480 titles
Paid access, but part of the EISZ service

11. Situation in Hungary – e-journals
Hungarian e-journals in Open Journal Systems (OJS), e.g.
One good example
Scientific and Technical Information (TMT)
One of the oldest library science journal in Hungary
Since it is published online only with the OJS platform
Experimental unified search engine of OJS journals

12. Situation in Hungary – e-journals in the National Széchényi Library
From Electronic Periodicals Archive & Database (EPA)
Goals:
to register every Hungarian online and digitized journal
to archive some Hungarian, open access, digitized or born digital journals from Hungary and from abroad, too
More than 820 titles, 7700 issues and articles with full text
Contains 255 scientific journal titles

13. Situation in Hungary Repositories
Repositories in the Hungarian higher education
HUNOR – consortium of the HUNgarian Open Repositories
Contents
Digitized books and journals
PhD papers
Scientific publications of teachers and researchers
Unified search engine of Hungarian repositories

14. Situation in Hungary Repositories
2012. The President of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Magyar Tudományos Akadémia, hereafter MTA) issued an Open Access Mandate
Open Access Mandate of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)
MTA homepage for Open Access

15. Digital preservation in the National Széchényi Library
1999. Collect, preserve and make available Hungarian and Hungary-related digital books
Hungarian Electronic Library (MEK)
Both digitized and born digital books, audiobooks
With cultural, scientific or educational content
volumes (65% of it are scientific books)
Source of the documents:
Cooperation agreements with many universities, scientific institutions, civil associations to collect and service their online publications
Also directly from authors

16. Digital preservation in the National Széchényi Library
Pilot project of web archiving
Testing and planning the infrastructure, the required hardware and software
Application to the International Internet Preservation Consortium (IIPC)
Collecting homepage URLs of universities, libraries, museums, archives, e-journals for selective harvesting
Aim: to start the Hungarian Internet Archive (MIA)

17. Trends
The scientific communication is increasingly in digital form and online
In Central and Eastern Europe the commercial sector is less developed than in Western Europe or in the US.
Libraries have more responsibility
in scientific communication;
in preserving and distributing the digital scientific content
Digital change-over is started in the libraries, too

18. Thank you for your attention!
István Moldován
E-Library Services Department 18