1. Introduction of Otorhinolaryngology- Head & Neck Surgery

2. Definition
A medical and surgical specialty concerned with the anatomy, physiology and disease of the ear, nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, esophagus, skull base, neck, mediastinum superius and related structures.

3. Developping brief history & current situation
2700 B.C.，《 Edwin Smith Surgical Papyrus 》 , an ancient Egyptian textbook on trauma surgery describe the tymporal trauma and its influence to audition.
400 B.C.，Hippocrates indicated that the tympanic membrane is a part of auditory organ.

4. Developping brief history & current situation
18-19th century，independent otology in Europe
Mid-19th century, occurrence of independent sub-discipline in otorhinolaryngology
In the 1950’，American Head and Neck Surgery Society –third discipline in otorhinolaryngology
In the 1960’，Title changed: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery.

5. Developping brief history & current situation
13th century B.C., record of ORL disease in China
Cai DOU, doctor in the Song Dynasty, described the incision and drainage to treat peritonsillar abscess in his literature《Bianquexinshu》(1146) Shigong CHEN, doctor in the Ming Dynasty, described resection of nasal polyps by copper wire in his literature 《 Orthodox Manual of External Medicine 》 (1617)
Chinese department of otorhinolaryngology was set up in 1911.

6. Category and feature
Extensive category: Anatomy and development, physiology and pathology, treatment and prevention in audition, equilibrium, olfaction, phonation and speech, respiration and deglutation, skull base, neck and mediastinum superius.
Complicated anatomy: up to brain, down to trachea and esophagus, between the orbits, with important neuro-vessels nearby the throat.
Feature: anatomical and functional relationship inter-organs and inter-systems

7. Progression and future
Otoacoustic emissions and hair cels motility
Generalization of Cochlear implantation
Molecular biology of hearing loss
Ostiomeatal complex
Allergic rhinitis and nasal hyper-reactive disease
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
Functional laryngeal surgery
Skull base and lateral skull base surgery
Vocal and speech pathology

8. Progression and future
Gene diagnosis and treatment of hearing
Gene diagnosis and treatment of head and neck neoplasms
Computed intraoperative navigation in oto-rhinolocal and skull base surgery
New total invisible hearing implant

9. Thanks for your attention