2. Warm-up
How do interactions with other societies influences the development of a society’s culture . How might society’s culture be like if the people had no contact with foreigners.
Think of a legend that has been passed down from generation to generation in your family. Explain and be ready to share

4. Geographic & Cultural Influences
Landscape: rugged, snow-capped mountains range across west, northwest and southwest of the country.
Landscape: south the plateaus are rolling country low hills and valleys. Northern plateaus slope run down to the North China Plain and along to Yellow Sea
Mountain range west to east across China: the Qinling (Chin-ling) Shandi.
Separates the valleys of two rivers
North short growing season (wheat)
South rainfall is plentiful (rice)

5. Geographic & Cultural Influences
Heart of China (China Proper) eastern seacoast inland
Rivers: Huang, Chang, Xi (shee)
Tibet, Xinjiang (shin-jyahng)Mongolia, Manchuria, and northern Korea.
Form a circle around China Proper

6. Geographic & Cultural Influences
Rivers:
Hung river flows 2,900 miles across China into the Yellow Sea. Fertile yellow soil called loess (river has a yellow tint)
Hung river also known as China’s Sorrow (the floods)
Early farmers build dikes – walls along the Huang to protect crops from floods.

7. Geographic & Cultural Influences
rugged mountains and harsh deserts such as the Gobi desert isolate China!
Influenced less by other cultures from the west
Northwestern and northern borders had contact with nomadic and semi-nomadic peoples.
These people spoke own language, had own cultures (barbarians)
Called China “ Middle Kingdom” Only civilized land
Outside invaders would lose their own identity over time!

8. The Shang Dynasty
Legends: Pangu, first man who woke up 18,000 years of sleep created the universe.
Yu a mythological figure who drained away floodwaters so people could live in China.
Yu established a line of kings called the Xia (shah)
Xia ruled over Neolithic people who lived in the Huang River region in 2200 BC
Xia (people existed made great advances over time)

9. The Shang Dynasty
1750 BC BC invaders called the Shang came into the Huang River valley.
Introduced irrigation and flood-control system to the region.
Shang created China’s first historic dynasty.

10. The Shang Dynasty Government & Culture:
Shang rulers created a Bureaucracy.
Bureaucracy- a government organized into different levels and tasks.
King ruled over all the land in the kingdom.
Shang spread their culture when they gained territory.

11. The Shang Dynasty Economy: Agriculture, crops: millet and rice
Domestic animals: pigs, and chickens.
Spun silkworms and made cloth from the thread.
Used two calendars: one based on the sun and one based on the movements of the moon.

12. The Shang Dynasty Religion
Animism- the belief that spirits inhabit everything, with ancestor worship.
Dragon lived in the river s and seas and they could rise into the clouds. Became the symbol of Chinese rulers.
Worshiped the gods of the wind, sun, clouds, and moon.
Shang's believed in the Shangdi a great god who controlled human destiny and the forces of nature.
Priest played important rule : Oracle bones.

13. The Shang Dynasty Religion
Oracle bones the shoulder bones of cattle or tortoise shells,
priest heated bones and interpreted the cracks that would then appear.

14. The Shang Dynasty Language and writing: Spoke many dialects
Dialects- variations of their language.
Special symbols first pictography's later ideographs.

15. The Shang Dynasty Fall of the Shang Dynasty:
1100 BC invasion from people along the borders.
Last Shang king, Di-xin
1050 BC Zhou (Joh) formed alliance with other tribes overthrew the Shang Dynasty.

16. Questions: Why did the Shang dynasty collapse?
What benefits do the Huang River and Chang River and Xi River bring to the Chinese people?
Homework: Read Chapter 4 section 3 be ready for a quiz!!!!

17. Warm-up
How does society’s values reflect in the laws we have here in the United States?
( working on a class quizlet)

18. Zhou Dynasty
Three dynasties that changed China was the Zhou, Qin (Chin) and the Han-
Longest was the Zhou ( 1050 BC- 256 BC)
They granted territories to member s of the royal family and their allies.
Zhou rulers believed that the god of Heaven determined who should rule China. “ Mandate of Heaven!”
700 BC Zhou kings losing control, local leaders fighting with each other.

19. Zhou Dynasty
Chinese legend believe that the wicked King Yu abandoned his wife for another women Pa- Szu
The King told his army that nomadic raiders were attacking, it was false alarm. Army was upset and when there was a attacking army they ignored it.
Zhou ruler fled eastward, established new capital.
New powers, known as Warring States began to compete for control of China.

20. Qin Dynasty Came into power 221 BC with military force.
Ruler Cheng founded this new dynasty, took on himself the title Shih Huang Ti “ first emperor”
Lasted 15 years
Many changes
Capital Ch’ang-an now called Xi’an (shee-AHN)
Maintained order established a autocracy: emperor held total power.
Executed scholars who criticized the government.

21. Qin Dynasty Quin graded their territory by building defensive walls.
Later other dynasties added to the wall.
Great Wall of China
People became upset about being forced to labor.
206 BC rebel army revolted against the dynasty.
Liu Band commoner, became general and overthrew the empire. New dynasty HAN

22. Han dynasty
400 years Han has much influence over the development of China
People today in China call themselves “ the people of Han”
Han : civil service – system runs the day –to –day business of government.
Recommend candidates, for civil service positions on the basis of family connections.

23. Han dynasty Leveling- Liu Ch’e began an economic policy
Leveling- the government used price controls to balance the economic effects of farm surpluses or shortages.
Worked by storing surplus grains produced during good harvest for use during lean years.
Silk Road- trade route stretched from China across central Asia to the Mediterranean region.
Population grew to about 50 million during the Han dynasty
After fall of the Han many nomadic people swept across northern China Han people moved south,

24. Warm-up
Pass back worksheets, pull out warm-up sheets from the past week!
New warm-up stars today Monday:
How does a society’s values reflect the laws that are established?

25. Philosophies of Ancient China
Philosophers looked at ways to restore Harmony in China.
Ancient Chinese belief : balance between two forces.
Yin- female, dark, passive
Yang- male, bright and active.
Not in conflict with each other. They depend on each other.
Day is yang and yin is night

26. Philosophies of Ancient China
Confucius
Confucius was a philosopher lived from 551 BC to 479 BC
His ideas and teachings called the Analects
Influenced in Chinese life
Taught about the importance of family, respect, for ones elders and reverence for the past, ancestors. Three concepts.
End to the political disorder
Confucius views on politics; was favored by strong but moral government.

27. Philosophies of Ancient China
Daoism:
Laozi (lowd-zoo) founded the philosophy
Dao means “ the Way”
People should withdraw from the world and contemplate nature
Live in harmony / not strive for material wealth
Shunned politics, not to seek power, bring themselves into harmony with the Dao
Humble, quiet, and thoughtful.

28. Philosophies of Ancient China
Daoism:
Advice could be found in the Dao De Jing- compilation of Laozi’s teachings.
Appealed to many peasants , because of the concern with natural forces.
Both Daoism and Confucianism provided balance to Chinese culture.

29. Philosophies of Ancient China
Legalism: concerned itself with politics
Power, not virtue and in harsh laws.
Peace and prosperity could be achieved only by threatening severe punishment if people did not obey the laws.
Qin emperor Cheng , followed the ideas of Legalism .
Qin dynasty lasted for s short time, dynasty failed because of its cruel methods.
Han took some ideas of legalism but also followed Confucianism.

30. Philosophies of Ancient China
Buddhism
Universal charity and compassion. Ideas became large and important in China
Buddhism, Confucianism, and Daoism right way to live. Became important in Chinese culture.

31. Small group work You may use your book and your knowledge. (NO PHONES)
Compare rule life in China to life in the United States. In your groups. (I will give you 10 minutes)
After 10 minutes is up, you will write a summary over Chinese life and Culture in China.
Homework: Read chapter 4 if you have not done it yet
TOMORROW PLEASE BRING MARKERS AND SCISSORS!! 

32. Chinese Life and Culture
Family very important in Chinese culture:
Upper class family kept a genealogy
A record of its family tree.
Had alters and honored their ancestors
Upper class- include, father, his wife, sons with their wives and children and unmarried daughters.
Arranged marriages for his children and grandchildren's marriages. Also chose his son's careers and how much education they received.

33. Chinese Life and Culture
Family and social life:
Women had few rights and powers
No property rights of their own
Great respect for their mothers and mother-in-laws
Inside the house women held power .

34. Chinese Life and Culture
The five classics:
Text used to train scholars and civil servants in ancient China.
Important during the Zhou dynasty

35. Chinese Life and Culture
Chinese invented a seismograph that registered even the faintest of earthquakes.
Invented paper, sundial, water clock and process of printing
Acupuncture- from the Daoist belief that good health depends on movement of life-force energy through the body.
Inserts needles into certain points of the body to enable the life force energy to move properly.

36. Questions What dynasty practiced leveling?
Humbleness, thoughtfulness, and withdrawal from the world to contemplate nature are all teachings of?
The importance of family, respect for elders, and reverence for ancestors form the basis of?
Shang religious beliefs included?
What dynasties in China created strong central governments?

37. Warm-up
Think about the concept of family in the U.S. today…. What are the various family unites? How have they changed over time?