1. Organized Labor
Ch. 4 Sec. 3

2. Goals of Labor Unions Reduced hours Increased wages
Safer working conditions

3. Tools of the Unions Strikes Boycotts Collective bargaining Sit down
Walk out
Boycotts
Collective bargaining
Negotiating as a group for higher wages or better working conditions

4. Major Unions – Knights of Labor
Founder – Terence Powderly
Includes women and African Americans
Skilled and Unskilled labor
Specific goals:
8 hour workday
End to child labor
Haymarket Riot
May 4, 1886
Eventually ended influence of KoL

6. The Haymarket Riot May 4, 1886

7. Major Unions – AFL American Federation of Labor Samuel Gompers
Practical
Skilled Labor
White males only

8. Tools of the Owners Federal Injunctions Lockouts
Hired security forces (Pinkertons)
Government intervention

9. Great Strikes – Railroad Strike
July 1877 – West Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, Illinois
Not organized by any union
Outcome –
Bloody conflict in many cities
Millions of dollars of property damage
Intervention of federal troops to restore order

10. "A Steeple-View of the Pittsburgh Conflagation"; engraving showing the burning of Union Depot and Pennsylvania Railroad yards, Pittsburgh, PA during Great railroad strike of 1877

11. Great Strikes - Homestead
June-August, 1892 – Homestead, PA
Organized by Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel Workers (part of AFL) in association with unskilled workers
Steel mill owned by Andrew Carnegie
Outcome
Lockout
Bloody conflict with Pinkertons
Failure of strike
Reduced public support for unions

12. Great Strikes – Pullman Strike
May-July, 1894 – nationwide, centered in Chicago, Illinois
Organized by American Railway Union
Eugene V. Debs
Outcome
Bloody conflict
Millions of dollars of property damage
Intervention by federal troops
Failure of strike
Reduced public support for unions

15. To what extent were labor unions successful in achieving their goals in the late 1800s?