1. Section I: The Growth of the Cotton Industry
Chapter 12 “The South”
Section I: The Growth of the Cotton Industry

2. Learning Objective
What invention revolutionized the southern economy?

3. Reviving the South’s Economy
Pre- Revolutionary War the southern economy was based on tobacco, rice and indigo  produced by slavery
Post Revolution – prices fell, demand and price of slaves fell also  farmers try unsuccessfully to grow other less labor intensive crops.
Cotton would transform the southern economy and greatly increase the need for slave labor.

4. Eli Whitney’s Cotton Gin
Removing seeds from cotton was difficult and time consuming.
The invention of the Cotton Gin revolutionized the cotton industry  cotton boom
Cotton Belt = NC, SC, GA, AL, MS, LA, AR, TX
By 1860, the U.S. was producing a billion lbs. of cotton = over half of the world production

5. Cause and Effects of the Cotton Boom

6. The Southern Cotton Economy

7. Objective Check: What invention revolutionized the southern economy?
Answer: The Cotton Gin

8. Section II: Southern Society

9. Learning Objective
What was central to southern society?

10. Southern Society and Culture
Planters – the wealthiest members of southern society
Very powerful and wealthy
Owned large plantations with multiple slaves

11. Yeomen – owners of small farms
Few had slaves, and worked with them in the fields
Lived very simple lives

12. Poor Whites
Lived on land that could not grow cash crops – survived by hunting fishing and odd jobs

13. Free African Americans
More than 250,000 lived in the South by 1860
They faced constant discrimination from white southerners
They’re existence threatened the institution of slavery

14. Objective Check: What was central to southern society?
Answer: Agriculture

15. Section III: The Slave System

16. Learning Objective:
What were slave codes?

17. Slave Life
Most slaves lived in rural areas, working on farms and plantations
Often starting around 10 yrs. old, they did a variety of jobs both in the fields and households
Some skilled slaves were able to save up money (paid selling their services) to buy their freedom.

18. Slaves were generally viewed as property – bought and sold to make a profit (at auction)

19. Slave codes – strict laws prohibiting slaves from traveling far from home and receiving an education.

21. Objective Check: What were slave codes?
Answer: strict laws to control slaves actions
Prohibited slaves from traveling far from home
Outlawed the teaching and educating of slaves