1. Hinge Q! Write down the letters of the statements that are true.
There are three main categories of natural hazard.
A natural hazard is when people lose their lives because of extreme events.
Earthquakes are natural hazards in Japan.
Hurricane Katrina was a natural disaster.
HIC’s are better able to cope with hazards.
Vulnerability, capacity to cope and high population are three factors that increase hazard risk.
LIC’s building on steep slopes increased vulnerability because it causes earthquakes.
A sand storm in the desert is a natural hazard.
True or Faulse?

2. What do you know about this?

3. Key idea: Earthquakes and volcanic eruptions are the result of physical processes
Plate Tectonics theory
Global distribution of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions and their relationship to plate margins.
Physical processes taking place at different types of plate margin (constructive, destructive and conservative) that lead to earthquake and volcanic activity.

4. Plate Tectonics theory
Up to 4: Name the key parts of the structure of the Earth and describe the main features of the crust.
5/6: Name and describe the key parts of the structure of the Earth in more detail. Describe the two different types of crust. Describe what is meant by continental drift theory.
7+: Name and describe all the parts of the structure of the Earth in detail. Describe the different types of crust in detail. Describe and explain continental drift theory.

5. Plate Tectonics theory

6. The Structure of the Earth
The core of the Earth is a ball of solid (inner) and liquid (outer) iron and nickel.
Around the core is the mantle, which is semi-molten rock that moves very slowly.
The outer layer of the Earth is the crust. 1 2 3

8. Lets take a closer look at what is going on with the crust....

9. There are 2 types of crust; Continental and Oceanic.
Give 2 facts about Continental Crust and Oceanic Crust.
Hint: Look at the diagram and think about the names.

10. The crust is divided into segments called plates1
Continental crust is thicker (30-50km) and less dense. It does not sink and cannot be destroyed. 4 billion years old. Mainly made from granite. 2
Oceanic crust is thinner (5-10km) and more dense. It can sink and be destroyed. 200 million years old.
Mainly made from basalt.
The crust is divided into segments called plates
The plates are moving because they float on the mantle, which has convection currents

11. Tectonic Theory is a relatively new idea.
It has only been discovered in the last 100 years.
How did scientists discover tectonic plates?

12. Tectonic Theory

13. Plate Tectonics theory

15. Describe the features of oceanic crust (4)
This is a 4 mark point-marked question – the most marks a point-mark question will carry
You will need 2 credit worthy points, but as the key word is describe you will need to develop each point to get 4 marks.

16. Oldest Crust? Thinnest crust? Crust that cannot sink?
Plenary
Oldest Crust?
Thinnest crust?
Crust that cannot sink?
Crust made from basalt?
Oceanic
Oceanic
Continental
Oceanic

17. Key idea: Earthquakes and volcanic eruptions are the result of physical processes
Plate Tectonics theory
Global distribution of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions and their relationship to plate margins.
Physical processes taking place at different types of plate margin (constructive, destructive and conservative) that lead to earthquake and volcanic activity.