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1.5 Wired and Wireless Networks
In this unit you will cover…
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3. Protocols and Layers LOs To define protocol
To explain the need for agreed protocols on computer networks To identify some of the most common protocols and their purpose
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Protocols What is a protocol?
We rely on protocols all the time even if we don’t realise it – shaking someone’s hand, understanding tone in someone’s voice etc are all social protocols that we follow If it weren’t for those protocols we’d struggle to communicate
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Protocols It’s the same for computers; protocols ensure that one computer can talk to another Definition: A protocol is an agreed, standardised set of rules which define how communication should take place between computer systems
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A Rant Shut up, Wesley For anyone that watches Star Trek…
Imagine, you’re hundreds of light-years from Earth, you encounter a species that have never been encountered before… let’s just go and video call them Sorry, but no. Shut up, Wesley All electronic communication relies on a set of very specific rules and specifications that must be exactly the same on both ends. These are protocols.
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A whole bag of protocols
There are different protocols for different types of communication The one you’ll be most familiar with is HTTP (hyper-text transfer protocol) for transferring hyper-text (which you should know is just web- pages) Complete the table of protocols – don’t copy and paste, it’s just a waste of time.
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Task Protocol Stands for… Used to… TCP/IP HTTP HTTPS FTP POP IMAP SMTP
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Layers Like onions and Ogres, networks have layers.
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Layers Protocols are sometimes referred to as “protocol stacks”
This is because: Protocols can be very complex It is better to define each stage of a protocol in it’s own “layer” Each layer can then be tightly defined which makes it easier to implement in hardware or software It also means part of a stack can be in hardware and part in software which can save money
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TCP/IP -Layers The job of the different layers in TCP/IP is to separate the different jobs that are performed on packets as they are split up, filled with data and sent onto the network. The jobs are also split between different devices; some are handled by software on the computer, a switch, a router or just rely on the transmission media
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