1. Biology 101 Medgar Evers College Dr. Santos
Molecular Biology
Biology 101
Medgar Evers College
Dr. Santos

3. DNA, the substance of inheritance Hereditary information
Is the most celebrated molecule of our time
Hereditary information
Is encoded in the chemical language of DNA and reproduced in all the cells of your body
It is the DNA program
That directs the development of many different types of traits

4. (a) Key features of DNA structure (c) Space-filling model
Figure 16.7a, c C T A G
0.34 nm
3.4 nm
(a) Key features of DNA structure
1 nm
(c) Space-filling model

5. DNA The Components and Structure of DNA DNA is made up of nucleotides.
A nucleotide is a monomer of nucleic acids made up of:
Deoxyribose – 5-carbon Sugar
Phosphate Group
Nitrogenous Base

6. There are four kinds of bases in in DNA:
adenine
guanine
cytosine
thymine

8. Chargaff’s rule Chargaff's Rules Erwin Chargaff discovered that:
The percentages of guanine [G] and cytosine [C] bases are almost equal in any sample of DNA.
The percentages of adenine [A] and thymine [T] bases are almost equal in any sample of DNA.

10. There are 2 hydrogen bonds between adenine and thymine and three hydrogen bonds between cytosine and guanine.

11. RNA Helps your DNA make proteins Three main types; mRNA- messenger
tRNA- transfer
rRNA- ribosomal RNA
Building block is the nucleotide
There is no thymine but there is uracil.

12. DNA to RNA to Protein

13. Proteins Consists of amino acids Made at the ribosomes
Have different levels of structures

15. DNA replication Main enzyme that synthesizes DNA is DNA polymerase.
The model that explains DNA replication is the Semi conservative model.

17. PCR

18. electrophoresis