1. Who is your greatest enemy? Why?
The Punic Wars
Who is your greatest enemy? Why?

2. Expansion
Rome conquered Samnites and began to expand throughout the pennisula
Syracuse in Sicily attacked Mammertines who had captured Messina, Mammertines asked for assistance from Rome and Carthage
Both came to the aide and started a 20 yr war

3. Carthage Carthage was a Phoenician colony
Great sailors who controlled the Western Mediterranean
Developed as a military power house at the same time Rome was rising as a power house
In North Africa with well protected ports
Rome called Punicci

4. First Punic War A 20 yr war between Rome and Carthage
Rome took Sicily and Sardinia, and developed a method of using a hook called a crow to fight on ships like on land, defeated young general named Hamilcar Baracawas
Carthage forced to pay a retribution for losing the war
Carthage almost went bankrupt trying to repay Rome

5. Hannibal and the 2nd Punic War
Hamilcar had a son Hannibal, son to Baal a Phoenician god, made him take an oath pledging to always hate Rome
Rome invaded Spain and drove the Carthiginians out or made them pay heavy taxes, began to rebel asked for help, Hannibal had a large army and responded
Rome had built a larger navy and controlled the sea even though the Carthigininas were better sailors, decided to cross the Alps w/ war elephants and force Rome to recall all of their troops, Hannibal croosed the Alps w/ 26,000 infantry, 4,000 calvary and 20 of 60 war elephants, aided by the Gauls who were at war with Rome he headed south
Defeated the Roman army 3 x’s until Rome put a new general w/ 36,000 men in the way at Lake Trasemine

6. Hannibal And the 2nd Punic War, part2
Rome paniced as a large army was destroyed then Hannibal led his army against new consuls, at Cannae
Trapped the Romans against a river and killed over 70,000 Romans including the consul from the senate in charge
Rome paniced and began drafting boys of age 16 and slaves into the army, was breaking apart Roman system
15 yrs of fighting, Hannibal asked for help from bro in Spain who lost to Scipio, Scipio then elected Consul and took Roman army to North Africa which forced Carthage to recall Hannibal
Battle of Zama, Scipio Africanus defeated Hannibal
Hannibal surrendered to a harsh punishment, Carthage isolated in Africa, lost Numidia, paid a large indemnity to Rome an dagreed to not war outside of Africa and only in Africa w/ permission

7. 3rd Punic war and the destruction of Carthage
Carthage recovered economically, led by Hannibal , Rome demanded that he surrender as a war criminal, fled to Greece and Turkey where the Romans were expanding in pursuit
Haniibal took poison to avoid capture
Numidia pressed Carthage into attacking, bringing Rome into the 3rd Punic war, Rome attacked city and forced a surrender, inhabitants of city sold into slavery, all their land became a Roman province and salt was sowed in the ground to make sure nothing would grow there again

8. The Illyrian Wars
Romans invaded Greece but set all of the Greek city states free
Greeks began fighting each other allowing the Romans to let them weaken themselves
This allowed Rome to attack and plunder Greece when they needed money and Greece remained weak