1. The Danger of Oil Spills in the Galapagos Islands
By: Chloe Tepper, Ana Maria Velasco, Francesco Witt, Eddie Wright

2. Essential Question:
Imagine a natural heritage place destroyed with dead animals and oil everywhere…
This could happen, how can we prevent this?

3. Introduction to our Project
In this project we used: charts, graphs, tables and data to find out how oil spills, mainly the Jessica’s Oil Spill in Galapagos, affect the environment.

4. Jessica Oil Spill
On January 16th of 2001, the tanker “Jessica”, owned by the Acotramar, crashed on San Cristobal Island.
On January 18th the navy started to get the oil out of the tanker but on January 19th -20th , a spill was detected around the tanker.
The ship was carrying 243,000 gallons of diesel fuel
The National personnel failed to control the contamination.
Slicks began to flow due to wind and ocean current. It flew towards San Cristobal Island and Santa Fe.

5. Cleaning Procedure The Spills began on Saturday 20th 2001.
Days later big waves came. This made it harder for The National Park to recover the oil.
The GNP, the Navy, fisherman and local volunteers went to help and started to clean
They used the (double barrier) method to recover the oil.

7. Animals Affected
When the tank spilled it oiled many animals such as sea lions, pelicans, boobies, a lot of fish and crabs
Only 370 large animals were reported to be affected by oil.
tens to thousands of fish and invertebrates (such as crabs) were also affected.
The largest numbers of affected animals were found on San Cristobal and Santa ,
More than twenty-one pelicans have been found with more than 50% oil in them and now are being monitored. Also some marine iguanas, sea lions with approximately the same number of oil. Fé

8. Our Lab
In this lab, we experimented with oil to see the effect it haves when it is poured in water, relating it to the Jessica Oil Spill in Galapagos Islands.
Procedure of lab:
1. We put six cups of water of 250 ml. each in a fish tank.
2. Next we put 250 ml. of cooking oil in the fish tank and mixed the water and oil.
3. Took 250 ml. of mixture from the fish tank and filtered it with a coffee filter.
4. Recorded the amount of oil taken out and poured the remaining water back to the fish tank.
5. We repeated steps 3 and 4 for 5 times.
Every time we repeated this procedure the
remaining oil in the fish tank was lower.
With this experiment we could represent how the
oil from the Jessica is taken out of the ocean.

9. Table and Calculations
We found the decay factors by dividing a number in the table by the previous one. Then we found the average of the decay factors and found the decay factor.
210 ÷ 250 = 0.84
180 ÷ 210 = 0.86
170 ÷ 180 = 0.94
146 ÷ 170 = 0.86
139 ÷ 146 = 0.95
= 4.45 ÷ 5 = 0.89
Average decay factor: 0.89
The initial amount is: 250 ml

10. Graph and Equation y=250(0.89)x Y = the remaining amount of oil
X = the number of cup of mixture taken out

11. Analysis of the Math The decay factor is 0.89 The decay rate is: 11%
The initial amount or y-intercept is: 250 ml
At the beginning you could clean up the oil in big amounts but after it was more difficult to take it out the oil and each time you took out less and less oil.
You can see this in the graph by observing each time it is decreasing in very little amounts.
At last you could only take out 11% of the oil each time.
This means that very few of the oil is taken out and there is still a lot of oil causing damage to the ecosystem.
The oil spills not only affect by the oil itself but also by the cleanup process.

12. Conclusion Prediction
Even if the navy or the people try to clean it up, it will never reach to be fully clean or get to zero oil. This is due to the current making the oil spread out to the shorelines and the entire sea.
Prediction
We were able to use the equation to predict the amount of oil left after any amount of cups taken out.
After 20 time taking out oil:
Y=250(0.89)20=24.31
At the end of this lab, we could use the equation to learn and understand the amount of oil take out

13. Recommendations
Tankers and boats should pass through a better and more detailed control and inspections that the IMO provides.
Boats or Tankers should follow the SOLAS regulations that includes special requirement for tankers. 
IMO also requires the duplication parts of the steering gear and some equipment.
Tankers should have an enhaced inspection.
Tankers have a mandatory ship reporting in areas  

14. Thanks for Watching!

15. Bibliography
ec.europa.eu. (n.d.). Retrieved April 25, 2016, from
C. (2001, March 28). Jessica. Retrieved April 27, 2016, from
Oil spill Galapagos Islands' 'worst disaster' (2001, January 22). Retrieved May 04, 2016, from
D. F. (2001, February). The Jessica Oil Spill. Retrieved May 04, 2016, from

16. Bibliography Photos
Shaping our food – an overview of crop and livestock breeding. Edited by A. Lehrman. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Uppsala, Sweden. Published in 2014, pp ISBN Available at (2014)
Shaping our food – an overview of crop and livestock breeding. Edited by A. Lehrman. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Uppsala, Sweden. Published in 2014, pp ISBN Available at
Edit Delete Briefing: Carl Gray's article on Time Management seemed to go ... (1998).Bmj, 316(7149). doi: /bmj a
HTTPS, Secure HTTPS. (n.d.). SpringerReference. doi: /springerreference_292