1. Russian Dictators Revision
Aim: to create a glossary of some of the key terms, events and people from

2. Kerensky

3. February Revolution

4. Emancipation of the Serfs

5. Magnitogorsk

6. Collectivisation

7. October Revolution

8. Land Captains

9. Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov

10. Comintern

11. Nomenklatura

12. Secret Police: when?
NKVD –
Cheka –
KGB –
OGPU –
Okhrana –
MGB –

13. Five Year Plans: focus?
First:
Second:
Third:
Fourth:
Fifth:

14. Green Armies

15. Father Gapon

16. ‘Going to the people’

17. October Manifesto

18. Land Banks

19. Russian Dictators Revision
Aim: to create a glossary of some of the key terms, events and people from

20. Kerensky Minister of War in Provisional Government
Became leader of PG in July 1917
Menshevik

21. February Revolution
First revolution which ended in abdication of Nicholas II
Led to rise of PG
Tsar abdicated as his supporters no longer willing to support him

22. Emancipation of the Serfs
Process by which peasants became free
Able to buy land from landlords but at high prices
Peasants actually lost 20% of the land they’d previously farmed

23. Magnitogorsk Huge industrial city built by Stalin
Built up during late 20s and early 30s

24. Collectivisation
Putting peasants’ farms together to form a ‘collective’ to produce as much as possible
Deeply divisive
Start coincided with a drought (1931) and therefore famine

25. October Revolution
Fall of PG
Seizure of power by Lenin

26. Land Captains Introduced in 1889
Able to interfere with local government on behalf of governors-general
Return to autocratic principles

27. Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov
Lenin!

28. Comintern
‘Communist International’, formed at meeting in Moscow, March 1919
Wanted to spread the revolution, members in different countries
Harmed foreign relations
Later policy changed by Stalin: ‘socialism in one country’

29. Nomenklatura
List of about 5,500 designated party posts drawn up from 1923
Could only be filled by loyal Communists

30. Secret Police: when? Okhrana – 1881
Cheka – 1917 (new organisation and personnel)
OGPU – 1922 (more similar in organisation to Okhrana)
NKVD – 1934
MGB – 1943
KGB – 1954

31. Five Year Plans: focus? First: (’28-’32) heavy industry
Second: (’33-’37) communications
Third: (’38-’41) heavy industry/ armaments
Fourth: (’46-’50) economy
Fifth: (’51-’55) building projects

32. Green Armies Peasant armies
Some fought for Bolsheviks, some against, some both at different times
Often fighting for their own local independence, not worried about the wider issues

33. Father Gapon
Led peace protest on Bloody Sunday

34. ‘Going to the people’
Populist opposition idea of going direct to the peasantry to try to get support
Peasants sympathetic to the ideas, but didn’t really ‘get it’

35. October Manifesto Concessions made by Nicholas II in 1905
Influenced by Witte
Freedom of speech, assembly and press
Tsar saw it as a failure, replaced Witte and repressed countryside (Stolypin’s necktie)

36. Land Banks Created in 1880s (’82 and ’85)
An attempt to solve problems in land ownership and transfer due to emancipation
Failed because it allowed nobles to continue in debt, spin out transfer and avoid investment in modern farming