1. Unit 5 Chapter 11 Fundamentals of Genetics
Section 11.1
Mendel’s Legacy

2. I) Gregor Mendel
Genetics: study of how traits & characteristics are transferred from parent to offspring
Gregor Mendel: “Father of Genetics”
Combined
Plant breeding
Statistics
Careful recordkeeping

3. II) Mendel’s Experiment
Mendel experiment
garden peas with 7 characteristics to see which trait would be passed to offspring
Traits: specific inherited characteristics
Example: Characteristic: Plant Height
Trait: Tall or Short

4. II) Mendel’s Experiments
Mendel started growing peas that were pure for each trait
Pure: one has genetic information for one trait
Example: Pure breed dogs
Mendel self-pollinated the peas until he obtained pure samples

5. II. Mendel’s Experiment
4. Mendel controlled the reproduction of the plants through pollination 5. Pollination: pollen from reproductive parts of one flower is mixed w/ another flower -Self-pollination: mixing with the same plant/flower from same seed -Cross-pollination: mixing pollen with a different plant/flower from a different seed

6. II. Mendel’s Experiments
8. Cross Pollinated:
Ex: Characteristic: Plant Height
Trait: Short x Tall
Mendel recorded the results & called the offspring the F1 generation

7. III) Mendel’s Results and Conclusions
There was a “factor” in pea controlling the traits
Results varied between 2 traits he felt that the “factor” came in pairs (1 from mom and 1 from dad)

8. Mendel’s Experiment
Parent generation: Pure Green, Pure Yellow Pure Green x Pure Yellow = F1 generation F1 generation: All Green F1 gen. x F1 gen. = F2 generation Green x Green = 3 Green + 1 Yellow F2 generation: 3 Green + 1 Yellow

9. III. Recessive and Dominant Traits
Mendel saw that one parent trait would not show in the F1, and reappear in F2
Dominant: factor that would dominated and mask the other trait
Recessive: factor that could be masked by a dominant trait

10. IV. Mendel’s Laws
Law of Segregation: a pair of factors is segregated, or separated, during the formation of gametes (sperm and egg cells)
Law of Independent Assortment: factors for different characteristics are distributed to gametes(sperm and egg cells) independently

11. V. Genes Genes are in pairs or alleles
Alleles are represented by letters
Dominant: Uppercase
Recessive: Lowercase