1. YOUTH SOCIAL ISSUES A presentation among the main social issues.
Liceo Scientifico Farnesina, Roma
Comenius conference, Bad Toltz, March 2015.

2. Agenda Youth unemployment. Emigration towards Western countries.
Drugs and alcohol abuse.
Bullying.
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3. Youth unemployment
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4. Our situation
In Italy the unemployment rate is particurarly high; the percentage of unemployed people between 15 and 24 years of age is about 46%.
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5. The causes Reticence of companies in hiring young workers.
Generational change.
Employers who don’t care enough about the cumulative hours of work of university students who have a job while attending university lessons.
Lack of incentives to fulfill menial jobs.
Young people who don’t look seriously for a job, like the “NEET”.
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6. The NEET
This term is the English acronym for “ Not engaged in Education, Employment or Training”and it refers to young people between 15 and 29 years of age.
In Italy they are 30% of the population and the phenomenon of the “NEET generation” is increasing .
In addition to this in our country also graduates don’t have the possibility of getting a job because a degree is no longer enough to be hired. In fact only experienced workers have this opportunity.
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7. PERSONAL STRATEGIES PERSONAL SKILLS Go abroad.
Adapt to what the market offers
University studies which allow students to acquire competences suitable to different jobs
Follow students’ own dreams
To know foreign languages.
ICT
Good communication skills
Dynamic and able to adjust to different situations
Work well under pressure, alone and as a part of a team
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8. Government plans to solve working world problems.
The current government, through the Job’s Act has increased the possibility of hiring young workers thanks to the reduction of tax and retirement’s contributions for new hired workers.
It finances start –up enterprises (characterized by innovative activities) with grants for a maximum amount of euros. On the contrary, the incentives offered for menial jobs are different in every Italian region and they don’t depend on the national government. The richest regions have renewed these incentives; but in other cases the measures offered by regional governments have expired in the last few years( ) and they have not been renewed again because of the lack of funds.
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9. Government plans to solve working world problems.
In exceptional cases the State can help the enterprises facing a difficult financial situation, as in the case of ILVA in Taranto.
The Italian government has taken measures to save many jobs and it has also participated in the expenses intended for reclaiming the surrounding areas. In other cases the national government has helped enterprises like Electrolux with financial contributions aimed at reducing labour costs.
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10. Youth emigration from Italy
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11. Youth emigration It is caused by the increase of unemployment in Italy
Young people want to find a job which fits their skills, not always available in our country
Especially in Northern Europe there are many more opportunities for Italian people
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12. The majority of migrants are under 40 years old
In the last years there was an increase equal to the 30% of young people among migrants
The majority of migrants are under 40 years old
The favourite destination of Italians is Germany because it offers many more possibilities to work
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13. Brain Drain
(“Fuga di Cervelli”)
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14. Among PhD Students
In Italy, scholarships are lower than in other European countries.
Young researchers are able to find an occupation in foreign universities or research centers, with higher salaries, better guardianships, research perspectives and professional integration.
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15. Statistics from the year 2012;
*Referred to European citizens
Among Graduates
In the last 10 years 700’000 graduates left Italy to pursuit a career in a foreign country
In % of graduated people went abroad In % of graduated people went abroad
There is no “brain circulation”: while a lot of people are leaving our country, a few are coming to work in Italy*
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16. The following slides are showing you how drugs and alcohol’s abuse is spreading in the new-young generation and what are the main problems that this disease causes. Our analysis is focused on some data that we’ve discovered in our state’s statistics.
Drugs and alcohol

17. First steps.
Sometimes the daily use of tobacco in the teenagers is the first step to the use of soft drugs, like marijuana and cannabis. Also a frequent use of alcohol brings adolescents to want more and in the end to get drunk (hangover). These kind of uses could be determinant in our relations with family, friends and, why not, school or university. We decided to focuse on these problems because sometimes it can alter the relations between teenagers and people in general.
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18. Here are some numbers…
‘Osservatorio Adolescenti di Telefono Azzurro’ and ‘DoxaKids’ made some analysis about the use of drugs and alcohol, interviewing some teenagers.
50,6 % of teenagers between 11 and 19 years old consumed alcohol
49,9% of them get drunk at least once
Source: “Osservatorio Adolescenti di Telefono Azzurro”
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19. 13% of the teenagers interviewed declared of using drugs
…numbers and numbers…
13% of the teenagers interviewed declared of using drugs
53,6% of them know at least one friend which daily makes use of drugs and alcohol
Source: “Osservatorio Adolescenti di Telefono Azzurro”
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20. 26,4% of them had seen friends mixing drugs and alcohol
…in the end.
26,4% of them had seen friends mixing drugs and alcohol
Source: “Osservatorio Adolescenti di Telefono Azzurro”
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21. What can we do? How can we enjoy safely?
We are teenagers too, so how can we fight this disease? Can we find better solutions to enjoy our ordinary lives?
How can we enjoy safely?

22. Be yourself!
You can do whatever you want always with the necessary control! We’re not saying that drinkig a little bit is prohibited, but you have always to take consciousness of your actions! If we are talking about drugs, the point is different... drugs destroy our body and mind from the beginning and the biggest risk is to damage other people’s life.
The point of both issues is that we don’t need to make all of these ways of having fun an «ADDICTION».
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23. Associazione Giacomo Vidiri
One of our solutions.
This association was born two years ago after the death of one of our friends (Giacomo Vidiri) that studied in our school, Liceo Farnesina in Rome. Its proposals are basically, to keep teenagers away from drugs and alcohol abuse, finding a new way to enjoy their freetime, working and sharing moments all together.
Associazione Giacomo Vidiri
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24. The problem of bullying in Italy
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25. What does bullying mean?
Bullying is the use of force, threat, or coercion to abuse, intimidate, or aggressively dominate others. The behavior is often repeated and habitual and the victim feels lonely and exposed to threats, afraid to talk about events and scared by the possible revenge of the bully.
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26. And what about the Cyberbullying?
In the last few years another problem for young people is emerged, called “Cyberbullying”.
Cyberbullying is the use of digital technologies with an intent to offend, humiliate, threaten, harass or abuse somebody.
Cyberbullying can happen 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, and reach a kid even when he or she is alone. It can happen any time of the day or night.
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27. And what about the Cyberbullying?
Cyberbullying messages and images can be posted anonymously and distributed quickly to a very wide audience. It can be difficult and sometimes impossible to trace the source.
Deleting inappropriate or harassing messages, texts, and pictures is extremely difficult after they have been posted or sent.
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28. Features… The victim The bully
Usually, the victim is more sensitive than the others and it is not able to defend him/her self.
The bully acts as a persecutor and he finds likeable to dominate the other without showing compassion for the victim’s physical and emotional suffering.
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29. …and the consequences The victim The bully
For the victim there might be some remarkable consequences like insecurity and depression or no confidence in istitutions such as school and family.
The bully will probably become adults with antisocial and deviant behaviour, violent and risk to be refused by the community.
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30. The situation in Italy
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31. What is the government doing to solve this problem?
The Ministry of Education has promoted an informative and educational campaign called “Smonta il bullo” (“Deflate the bully”).
Institution of Observatories to supervise the different situations all around Italy.
A bill concerning the bullying and cyberbullying problem is going to be discussed and voted by the parliament.
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32. Other solutions
Apart from government, the institutions which can intervene faster and better are school, mass media and family.
Mass media have to inspire young people in the proper way and inform the whole society about this problem.
The school has to teach the students to be interested in learning and “shout” against bullying.
The family has to listen to the victim, or the bully and understand his frames of mind.
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