1. + Mechanical Loading? How does Temporomandibular Joint react to
Betti BF*1,2,3, Tabeian H1, Everts V1, Lobbezoo F2 , Bakker A1
1. Dept. Oral Cell Biology. Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam (UVA), University Amsterdam (VU), MOVE research institute. Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
2. Dept. Oral Kinesiology. Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam (UVA), University Amsterdam (VU), MOVE research institute. Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
3. Department of Orthodontics , Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, MOVE Research Institute Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
Background: Mechanical Loading effects on TMJ Cartilage (Systematic Review)
Introduction
Mechanical loading may be the most important external stimulus that regulates the maintenance of the joint tissue. Loading can be categorized into static and dynamic loading. Static loading occurs during oral habits like clenching; dynamic loading occurs, for example during tooth grinding, talking and chewing.
Different to most synovial joints, which are covered with hyaline cartilage, the cartilage of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is fibrocartilage.
How this loading affects the fibrocartilage is not entirely clear yet.
1ᵒ PhD project step: Systematic review
Perform a systematic review to find out how the TMJ fibrocartilage is affected by different regimes of mechanical loading.
In Vivo Experiments
In Vitro Experiments
Forced Jaw Movements
ANABOLIC CATABOLIC
Soft Diet
Tension
Compression
Hard Diet
Day
Days
Days
Low intensity loading
High intensity loading
Hypothesis
Different types of loading regimes (Clenching, Grinding and Cinderella) cause different effects on TMJ cartilage;
Mechanical Overloading has a catabolic effect on TMJ cartilage, induce MMPs gene expression, protein expression and protein activity;
Static continuous loading has catabolic effect on TMJ cartilage;
Cyclic low or moderate loading has anabolic effect on TMJ cartilage;
Cyclic low or moderate loading has an inhibit effect on inflammatory process.
Methodology +
Unloaded Loaded
Regime I: Clenching
8hr : 10sec episodes: 0hz
( o, 5%, 10%, 20% strain)
Regime II: Grinding
8hr: 10sec episodes : 0,8hz
Regime III: Cinderella (Static)
8hr episode
Chondrocyte Isolation
TMJ Condyle
Seed on Flexcell ® plate collagen I treated
Flexcell® Tension System
2ᵒ PhD project step: Perform the experiments and test the Hypothesis:
Hypothesis number 5: not rejected
Cyclic tensile strain reduces IL-1β induced MMP-13 expression (p˂0,05)
The effect of 6% cyclic tensile strain (CTS) was investigated on condyle cells after 12h of IL-1β incubation.
CTS reduced IL-1β-induced MMP-13 gene expression by 3-fold (p˂0,05).
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