1. CS 3630 Database Design and Implementation

2. Assignment7
Table names and column names must be exactly the same as specified. Due Monday, March 27

3. SQL Script File Using any text editor outside SQL*Plus
File extension .SQL
UserName_Lab7.Sql
Multiple SQL commands
Each command ends with ;

4. UserName_Lab7.sql
Name : Qi Yang -- UserName : YangQ -- Date : Course : CS Description: Creating tables -- Inserting records Drop Table test2; Drop Table test1; Create table test Desc Test1 Pause Create Table Test Desc test2 Insert into test Commit; Select * From Test1; . . .

5. Running Script File Using either Start or @
SQL> Start file_name_with_full_path
Use Arrow Keys to get previous commands!

6. Create a Table Create Table Test1 ( C1 Char(5) Primary Key,
C2 Varchar2(50),
C3 Integer,
C4 Date);

7. Create another Table Create Table Test1 ( C1 Char(5) Primary Key,
C2 Varchar2(50),
C3 Integer,
C4 Date);
Create Table Test2 (
D1 VARCHAR2(15) Primary Key,
D2 Char(5) references Test1,
D3 Integer);

8. Drop Tables Drop table test1; Drop table test2; Create Table Test1 (
C1 Char(5) Primary Key,
C2 Varchar2(50),
C3 Integer,
C4 Date);
Create Table Test2 (
D1 VARCHAR2(15) Primary Key,
D2 Char(5) references Test1,
D3 Integer);

9. Drop Tables Drop table test2; Drop table test1; Create Table Test1 (
C1 Char(5) Primary Key,
C2 Varchar2(50),
C3 Integer,
C4 Date);
Create Table Test2 (
D1 VARCHAR2(15) Primary Key,
D2 Char(5) references Test1,
D3 Integer);

10. Using Pause Drop table test2; pause Drop table test1; Pause
Create Table Test1 (
C1 Char(5) Primary Key,
C2 Varchar2(50),
C3 Integer,
C4 Date);
Create Table Test2 (
D1 VARCHAR2(15) Primary Key,
D2 Char(5) references Test1,
D3 Integer);

11. Insert Records Insert into Test1
Values ('cs363', 's1', 44, '28-feb-12');
Values ('cs334', 's2', 45, '29-feb-2012');
One record at a time!
Single quotes for string
Date is entered as string
in the default format

12. Entity Integrity Insert into Test1
Values ('cs363', 'q2', 17, '2-Mar-12');
PK must be Unique!

13. Null Values Insert into Test1 Values ('cs387', 'q2', 17, null);
Null is a key word, not a string!
NULL, null and Null are the same
SQL is not case sensitive

14. Entity Integrity Insert into Test1
Values (NULL, 'q2', 17, '2-Mar-12');
PK cannot be null!

15. Column Constraints

16. Column Constraints Primary key Sno Char(4) Primary Key, Alternate Key
SSN Char(9) Unique,
Foreign Key
BNo char(4) References Branch,
-- when attribute has the same name
-- even when FK and PK have different names
BNo char(4) References Branch on Delete Cascade,
-- Do NOT use “Foreign Key” in column constaints!

17. References
For Foreign Key
It also works for Aks!

18. Column Constraints Domain constraint
Salary Number Check (Salary > and Salary < ),
PType varchar2(6) Check (PType IN ('House', 'Flat', 'Appt')),
-- Strings are in single quotes, NOT double quotes
Bno Char(4) Default 'B363' References Branch,
Rent Float Check (Rent Between 200 and 400),
-- between is Inclusive
Required data
LName Varchar2(20) Not Null,
-- Can be specified only by column constraint

19. Column Constraints Create table Staff ( SNo char(4) Primary Key,
Bno Char(4) Default 'B363' References Branch on Delete Cascade,
FName Varchar2(20) Not Null,
LName Varchar2(20) Not Null,
-- assuming functions DateDiff and Now
DOB Date Not Null Check (DateDiff(Year, Now, DOB) >= 16),
Salary Number Check (Salary Between and ),
SSN Char(9) Unique,
Tel_No Char(12));
-- Primary Key, Unique, References should be the last constraint for a column
-- Do not use Foreign key for column constraints, only use References

20. Table Constraints Constraints on one or more columns
Composite PK, AK, FK
Cannot use Not Null in table constraints
Naming the constraints

21. Table Constraints Create table Staff ( SNo char(4),
FName Varchar2(20) Not Null,
LName Varchar2(20) Not Null,
DOB Date,
Salary Number default,
BNo Char(4),
Tel_No Char(12),
SSN Char(11),
Constraint PK_Staff
Primary Key (SNo),
Constraint Range_of_Salary
Check (Salary between and ),
Unique (SSN),
Foreign Key (BNo) References Branch (BNo));

22. Works. -- Composite PK Create Table Test1 ( C1 Char(5),
C2 Varchar2(50) ,
C3 Integer,
C4 Date,
Constraint Test1_PK
Primary Key (C1, C3));
Desc Test3
pause;
Create Table Test2 (
D1 VARCHAR2(25) Primary Key,
D2 Char(5),
D3 Integer,
Constraint Test2_FK
Foreign Key (D2, D3) references Test1);
Desc Test4;
Pause
Works.

23. Does Not Work. -- Composite PK Create Table Test1 ( C1 Char(5),
C2 Varchar2(50) ,
C3 Integer,
C4 Date,
Constraint Test1_PK
Primary Key (C1, C3));
Desc Test3
pause;
Create Table Test2 (
D1 VARCHAR2(25) Primary Key,
D2 Char(5),
D3 Integer,
Constraint Test2_FK
Foreign Key (D3, D2) references Test1);
Desc Test4;
Pause
Does Not Work.

24. This Works. -- Composite PK Create Table Test1 ( C1 Char(5),
C2 Varchar2(50) ,
C3 Integer,
C4 Date,
Constraint Test1_PK
Primary Key (C1, C3));
Desc Test3
pause;
Create Table Test2 (
D1 VARCHAR2(25) Primary Key,
D2 Char(5),
D3 Integer,
Constraint Test2_FK
Foreign Key (D3, D2) references Test1(C3, C1));
Desc Test4;
Pause
This Works.

25. Attribute Order in Foreign Key
-- Primary key (c1, c2) for TableA
Foreign Key (c1, c2) References TableA,
-- Same order as PK
Foreign Key (c2, c1) References TableA(c2, c1),
-- Different order from PK
Foreign Key (c2, c1) References TableA,
-- Incorrect!

26. Referential Integrity
Insert into Test2
Values ('golf', 'cs363', 44);
Values ('bridge', 'cs334', 44);
Values ('bridge', 'cs334', Null);
Values ('bridge1', null, null);

27. Database Schema Branch (Bno…) Staff (Sno…Bno) Owner (Ono…)
PropertyForRent (Pno…Ono)
Renter (Rno…)
Viewing (Rno, Pno, ViewDate…)

28. In what order to create the tables?
Branch (Bno…)
Staff (Sno…Bno)
Owner (Ono…)
PropertyForRent (Pno…Ono)
Renter (Rno…)
Viewing (Rno, Pno, ViewDate…)
Will it work?
YES!
Branch (Bno…)
Staff (Sno…Bno)
PropertyForRent (Pno…Ono)
Owner (Ono…)
Viewing (Rno, Pno, ViewDate…)
Renter (Rno…)
Will it work?
NO!
Referential Integrity!

29. In what order to drop the tables?
Viewing (Rno, Pno, ViewDate…)
Staff (Sno…Bno)
PropertyForRent (Pno…Ono)
Owner (Ono…)
Renter (Rno…)
Branch (Bno…)
Will it work?
YES!
Branch (Bno…)
Staff (Sno…Bno)
Owner (Ono…)
PropertyForRent (Pno…Ono)
Renter (Rno…)
Viewing (Rno, Pno, ViewDate…)
Will it work?
NO!
Referential Integrity!

30. Insert Rows The PK must be unique
The foreign key value must exist in the parent table if FK is provided
FK can be null, meaning not known at the time

31. Insert Rows Insert into Branch: no problem Insert into Staff:
Bno
Phone …
B101
B205
Staff
Sno
Phone
Bno
SG100
B101
SG363
Null
SA200
B123
Insert into Branch: no problem
Insert into Staff:
Cannot insert a staff with Bno being ‘B123’
if Branch table has no ‘B123’ in Bno column
FK can be null, meaning not known at the time

32. Delete Rows
No records in other tables referencing the record to be deleted.

33. Delete Rows Delete branch 'B101' What about staff in 'B101‘? Branch
Bno
Phone …
B101
B205
Staff
Sno
Phone
Bno
SG100
B101
SG363
Null
SA200
Delete from Staff: no problem
Delete from Branch:
Delete branch 'B101'
What about staff in 'B101‘?

34. ANSI SQL Solutions In ANSI SQL, there are five choices No Action
Cannot delete
Set to Null
Set to Default
No Check
No good
Cascade
Delete all staff in 'B101' from Staff table when deleting branch ‘B101’
Dangerous!

35. Oracle Solutions In Oracle, only two choices are implemented No Action
Cannot delete
Cascade
Delete all staff in 'B101' from Staff table when deleting branch ‘B101’
Set to Null: not implemented
Set to Default : not implemented
No Check : not implemented

36. Update Record Update table Staff ‘B101’ of SG100 to ‘B205’
Branch
Bno
Phone …
B101
B205
Staff
Sno
Phone
Bno
SG100
B101
SG363
Null
SA200
B205
Update table Staff
‘B101’ of SG100 to ‘B205’
New value must exist in Branch
Update table Branch
‘B101’ to ‘B303’
Five choices in ANSI SQL, only No Action is implemented in Oracle

37. Integrity Rules: Constraints
Column Constraints
Table Constraints

38. Project
Phase I Due Today by 5 PM