1. Learning Attributes and Relations
Ontology Learning from Text
Philipp Cimiano, Chapter 7
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Cimiano Chapter 7 - PL

2. 7.1 Common Approaches Collocations Syntactic Dependencies
Lexico-syntactic patterns (Hearst, 1992)
Road Map:
Learning Attributes
Learning the Appropriate Generalization Level for Relations
Learning Qualia Structures
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3. 7.2 Learning Attributes
Attribute = a relation with a datatype as range
Learn name, domain, and range
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8. 7.3 Learning Relations from Corpora
Based on verbal expressions
Generalization of argument wrt taxonomy
Statistical measures for generalization
Approach:
Extract verb frames
Generalize verb frames – statistical measures:
Conditional probability
Pointwise mutual information
X2 measure
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10. 7.4 Learning Qualia Structures from the Web
Aristotle’s four basic factors or causes:
the material cause – made of
the agentive cause – source of creation or change
the formal cause – form or type
the final cause – purpose, intention, or aim
Pustejovsky (1991): four roles in qualia structure:
constitutive – parts or components
agentive – verb, action brings into existence
formal – type information
telic – purpose or function
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16. 7.5 Related Work
Madche and Staab (2000) – generalized association rules algorithm
Kavalec and Svátek (2005) – label verbs as “above expectations”
Gamallo et al. (2002) – map syntactic dependencies to semantic relations
Ciaramita et al. (2005) – learn conceptual relations from the GENIA corpus
Heyer et al. (2001) – derive conceptual relations from corpus collocations and heuristics
Ogata and Collier ( 2004) – relations based on patterns similar to Hearst + reasoning
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17. more Related Work
Yamaguchi (2001) – WordNet pruning + Schuetze’s word space method with word 4-grams
Buitelaar et al. (2004) – mapping with slots for domain and range, manual inspection
Pesio and Almuhareb ( 2005) – six categories of attributes, train a classifier
Yamada and Baldwin (2004) – learn telic and agentive relations from corpora, dependencies
Claveau et al. (2003) – Inductive Logic Programming to find qualia verbs
Pustejovsky et al. (1993) – acquire relations from corpora, statistics and theoretical lexicon principles
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18. 7.6 Conclusion and Open Issues
Use adjectives and WordNot to learn attributes
Statistical learning of slots for verbs
Learning qualia structures
Learning from noun phrases?
Meaning of qualia roles?
Distinguish word senses?
Gold standard for qualia structures?
Calculus to reason on partial results?
Constrain according to linguistic principles?
11/27/2012
Cimiano Chapter 7 - PL