1. Introduction to Operating Systems
Lesson 13
Windows NT Server

2. Lesson 13 – Windows NT Server
Objectives
Describe the capabilities of Windows NT Server.
Install Windows NT Server successfully from CD-ROM.
Use the Control Panel to configure the operating system settings.
Manage disks properly using basic and dynamic storage.
Create and manage user accounts.
Use file and folder security.
Lesson 13 – Windows NT Server

3. Capabilities of NT Server
Sharing Resources
Managing Resources
Security
Scalability and Compatibility
Reliability
Distribulity
Client/Server Applications
Fault Tolerant
Lesson 13 – Windows NT Server

4. Pre-installation of Windows NT Server
Make sure you have the necessary hardware requirements.
Make sure your hardware is on the Hardware Compatibility List (HCL).
Decide how to partition the hard disk.
Decide what file system to use.
Decide what the server name will be.
Decide what the password for the Administrator account will be.
Decide what protocols will be used.
Decide what licensing method will be used.
Lesson 13 – Windows NT Server

5. Hardware Requirements
CPU
80/486 or higher
Memory
16 MB
Hard Disk Space
124 MB
Display
Monitor with VGA resolution or higher
Other
CD-ROM drive, 2X or faster
Floppy Disk Drive
Network interface card
Keyboard
Mouse
Lesson 13 – Windows NT Server

6. Lesson 13 – Windows NT Server
File Systems
Windows NT supports the NTFS, FAT32, and FAT file systems.
NTFS is good for file and folder security, allows for disk quotas, and allows for file encryption.
FAT is used when you want to set up the hard disk for dual booting.
Lesson 13 – Windows NT Server

7. Configuring Windows NT Server
The Control Panel contains tools for configuring the operating system.
Some of the commonly used tools are
Add/Remove Hardware
Add/Remove Programs
Administrative Tools
Date/Time
Display
Folder Options
Lesson 13 – Windows NT Server

8. Lesson 13 – Windows NT Server
Disk Management
A basic disk is one that uses traditional disk management techniques such as partitioning.
A dynamic disk is one that has no restriction to the number of volumes that can be created on one disk.
Lesson 13 – Windows NT Server

9. Network Tool in Control Panel
Used to set up a server to communicate with other protocols
Used to add network services
Used to resolve resource conflicts
Used to add a network card
Lesson 13 – Windows NT Server

10. Lesson 13 – Windows NT Server
Disk Management
Disk management involves partitioning and formatting.
Each partition appears as a logical drive.
When a drive is partitioned, a master boot record and a partition table are created at the beginning of the disk.
A partition is created with the Disk Administrator tool.
Lesson 13 – Windows NT Server

11. Lesson 13 – Windows NT Server
Partitions
A partition may be set as primary or extended.
A primary partition is one from which you boot the operating system.
An extended partition is created from space that is not partitioned and is added to a primary partition.
Lesson 13 – Windows NT Server

12. Lesson 13 – Windows NT Server
Formatting
Formatting is a process that creates a table containing file and folder information for a specific file system to access.
The process creates a root directory (folder) and a volume label.
Once a partition is formatted, it is called a volume and can be assigned a drive letter.
Lesson 13 – Windows NT Server

13. Lesson 13 – Windows NT Server
Volume Sets
A volume set consists of two or more partitions that are combined to look like one volume with a single drive letter.
The advantage of creating volumes is the ability to manage several small disk drives or maximize the use of scattered pockets of disk space across several disks.
The disadvantage is that, if one disk in the volume set fails, the entire volume fails.
Lesson 13 – Windows NT Server

14. Lesson 13 – Windows NT Server
Disk Redundancy
Hot fix - The operating system temporarily stores data that cannot be written immediately because of a problem at that location on the disk.
Striping - The main purpose of striping disks is to extend the life of the hard disks by spreading data equally over two or more drives.
Mirroring - Involves creating another copy of data on a backup disk. It is the best form of fault tolerance.
Lesson 13 – Windows NT Server

15. Lesson 13 – Windows NT Server
Backups
A full backup is a backup of the entire system.
An incremental backup only backs up files that are new or have been modified.
Differential backups are the same as incremental backups, but do not remove the archive attribute.
Copy backups only back up files or folders selected.
Daily backups back up only files that have been changed or updated on the day that the backup is performed.
Lesson 13 – Windows NT Server

16. Lesson 13 – Windows NT Server
Managing Users
Before creating user accounts, it is important to plan how you are going to name the users.
Some conventions for creating user names are
Last name followed by the first initial (SmithJ).
First name initial followed by the last name (Jsmith).
First name initial, middle name initial, and last name (JASmith).
Lesson 13 – Windows NT Server

17. Lesson 13 – Windows NT Server
Default Users
Administrator Account
Manages security policies.
Creates, modifies, and deletes user accounts and groups.
Modifies the operating system.
Creates shared folders.
Installs printers.
Formats and partitions the hard disk.
Backs up and restores files.
Guest Account - Provides limited access to temporary users of the network.
Lesson 13 – Windows NT Server

18. Lesson 13 – Windows NT Server
Default Groups
Account Operators – This group has the rights to create, delete, and manage accounts on a server.
Administrators – Administrators have full rights and permissions over files, folders, and other resources on the network. The default Administrator account is a member of this group.
Backup Operators – The operators have the right to back up all files on a server.
Guests – This group has limited access to a server. The default Guest account is a member of this group.
Lesson 13 – Windows NT Server

19. Default Groups (continued)
Print Operators - This group can manage designated print services such as holding or deleting print jobs.
Replicators – This group can automate the replication of files.
Server Operators – This group has privileges to manage specific server functions.
Users – These are regular users on a server who access server files and applications.
Lesson 13 – Windows NT Server

20. Lesson 13 – Windows NT Server
Account Policies
Policies are security measures set up to protect the network.
Some typical account policies are
Set password expiration periods, forcing users to change their password after so many days.
Require a minimum length for passwords.
Set a lockout to go into effect after so many unsuccessful logon attempts.
Lesson 13 – Windows NT Server

21. Lesson 13 – Windows NT Server
Security
The logon process allows users initial access to the system.
The Local Security Authority (LSA) creates the security access token that allows a user access to system objects without having to re-enter his or her password every time.
The Security Account Manager (SAM) database maintains all of the user and group accounts in a secure location. The LSA validates accounts using the SAM database.
The Security Reference Monitor verifies that a user has access to requested objects.
Lesson 13 – Windows NT Server

22. Lesson 13 – Windows NT Server
NTFS File Permissions
You can assign file permissions to control the access that users have to files.
No Access
Read
Change
Full Control
Special Access Permissions
Lesson 13 – Windows NT Server

23. NTFS Folder Permissions
You can assign folder permissions to control the access that users have to the folder and files within it.
No Access – Add & Read
Full Control – Change
List – Special Directory Access
Add – Special File Access
Lesson 13 – Windows NT Server

24. Lesson 13 – Windows NT Server
Planning Permissions
To simplify administration, group files according to application, data, and home folders.
Allow users only the level of access they require.
Create groups according to the access that the group members require for resources, and then assign the appropriate permissions to the group.
Use the Read and Execute permission when assigning permissions for working with data or application folders.
Deny permission only when it is necessary to deny access to a specific user account or group.
Encourage users to assign permissions to the files and folders that they create.
Lesson 13 – Windows NT Server

25. Lesson 13 – Windows NT Server
Summary
When you install Windows NT Server, preparation will help you to avoid potential problems during the installation process.
The Control Panel provides all of the tools for configuring the operating system.
Drives can be partitioned in Windows NT Server. Partitioning and formatting is accomplished using the Disk Administrator tool. Once a partition is formatted, it is called a volume and can be assigned a letter.
Lesson 13 – Windows NT Server

26. Lesson 13 – Windows NT Server
Summary (continued)
Two accounts, Administrator and Guest, are created when you install Window NT Server. It creates six local groups.
With NTFS, you can set up permissions on folders and files.
Lesson 13 – Windows NT Server