1. Analytical Psychology/ Carl Jung
Dr. AKSHAY KUMAR y Kumar
Positive Psychology

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3. Life of Jung
Carl Gustav Jung was born on July 26th in a small Swiss village.
Jung was pushed to the ground at age twelve and lost consciousness,
Jung later began to study medicine but showed interest in spirituality, leading him to psychiatry.

4. Jung and Freud
Jung completed his book Studies in Word Association in 1902 and sent a copy to Sigmund “
The men's first personal encounter was in 1907, talked more than 12hrs
Freud accepted Jung as his student .
As Jung began formulating his own diverging ideas their relationship slowly dissolved. Jung began to reject Freud’s emphasis on sex as behaviour motivation.
During this period Jung became intensely fixated on dreams and symbols, this period served as a basis for his own psychological theories.

6. Outline of Jungian Theory6
Jung’s theory centered around the unconscious converged the psyche into three separate parts.
-EGO: conscious mind.
-PERSONAL UNCONSCIOUS: possibility to be conscious yet presently isn’t. Eg.Memories ;thus being that they are suppressed but have the potential to be conscious.
Personal information from a persons.
-COLLECTIVE UNCONSCIOUS: Knowledge we are all born with effecting our behaviours and emotions indirectly.
It is a field of consciousness.

7. Outline Cont.
Extraversion\Introversion were both aspects first popularized by Jung.
Jung believed that all people contain both aspects.
Introvert to be focus inner psychic activity and an extrovert to be the outside world.
Analytical psychology is another originating from the ideas of Carl Jung. The aim of this is “wholeness through the integration of unconscious forces and motivations underlying human behaviour. This is a theory using the model that the unconscious mind is a source of healing and development.

8. Archetypes
They are the prototypes for all future and existing functions. Archetypes are out of the reach of consciousness and cannot be know directly
systems of readiness for action

9. Archetypes exist within us as potentialities
Archetypes exist within us as potentialities. Our life circumstances and the life and culture we are born into will determine in which unique way which of the infinite number of potential archetypes are actualized in our experiences.
(In Yoram Kaufmann, Analytic Psychotherapy, 1979, Current Psychotherapies, Ch. 3).

10. Being: Life force energy, that gives life
Archetypes” Potential patterns of behaviour, available to all, but may or may not be all
Helping others, potential behavior pattern that arises
We access archetypes through complexes: Cultural and personal experiences
Influences

12. Symbols
A symbol represents something more than itself. Eg. In theatre, A andle goes off representing death.
So it needs to be decoded
Symbol creates a response
A symbol has an archetype connected to it, and activates a particular reaction
Eg. Sunrise, symbol of life is going to go on. Mentioned by Victor Frankl
Symbols: Natural and social
Archetypal Pattens/Symbuls Delivered through dreams vs Freuds, disguised wishes.
Its the dreams job to bring it from Unconscious (Collective or personal) to Conscious
DREAMS: gives us information/messages
I we try to take that message or suggestion we can improve our lives
Dreams play an important role in development of human being.

14. Key Concepts Anima: unconscious feminine component in men
Jung wrote: ‘Every man carries with him the eternal image of woman. This image is fundamentally unconscious, an imprint of all the ancestral experiences of the female, a deposit of all the impressions ever made by woman.’
Animus: the masculine component of women.

15. Jung believed that these acted as a guide to the unconscious self.
Forming conscious awareness would be most rewarding but gruelingly difficult.
Which he believed explained our attraction to strangers, we see our Anima or Animus in them.
“love at first sight” as being a projection of the Anima or Animus.
An example given by Jung was that a man that never cries and shows aggression has not yet connected with his Anima.

18. Persona
‘The persona is a complicated system of relations between individual consciousness and society, a kind of mask, designed on the one hand to make a definite impression upon others, and, on the other, to conceal the true nature of the individual.’
‘Society expects every individual to play the part assigned to him, so that a man who is a parson must not only carry out his official functions, but at all times and in all circumstances play the role of parson in a flawless manner.’

19. Persona
The persona is the face we show to the outside world. The word originally meant “actor’s mask”. The job of this mask is adaptation to one’s circumstances. We act differently in different situations.
Jung states: “The persona is that, which in reality, one is not, but which oneself as well as others think one is”. (Jung, CW, 9i, par.221).

20. Shadow
The inferior being in ourselves is what Jung calls the shadow. It consists of all that we are ashamed of and that we do not want to know about ourselves.
It constitutes part of our personal unconscious, but we also have an archetypal shadow in the realm of our collective unconscious. It represents an encounter with evil and facing it can be a shattering experience.
The shadow of every person has to be firmly grasped and acknowledged for a person to achieve a state of wholeness.

21. The individuation process
Jung wrote: ‘Individuation means becoming a single, homogeneous being. It also implies becoming one’s own self. We could therefore translate individuation as “coming to selfhood” or “self-realization.”’
Self is both the centre and the totality of the psyche. It consists of both the conscious ego and the unconscious and is only constituted once there is awareness and acceptance of the unconscious and its shadowy contents by the ego

22. Individuation We spend our lives in 2 phases:
1st: Making our personality and developing
2nd : finding ourselves and realizing Self
Self (Archetypal pattern): Wholeness sorted archived Individuation. Wholeness and fullness of being
‘S’ is an archetype a representation of God, and none of us will ever get their fully, but that’s the goal. The point is we are working towards betterment.
Working towards it
Trying to discover who the real self is. Its a life long journey. Eg. Search for the holy grail= search for self
If we don't know what our weaknesses are , we will always be stuck in decision making situations.

23. People having delusions, hallucinations had hints of ancient patterns, stories of myths, Gods and Goddesses.
He spent a lot of time reading ancient, history, religion, myths, Latin.
He recognized patterns of fantasies of people

24. Key Concepts Cont.
Jung believed that there were more to people than Sexual urges and agression
He felt there was a need in people to be connected to something bigger than them= Spirituality
Human existence is a mystery: That need of humans to find meaning to mystery to life and connect to is the real driving/motivating force not only sex and aggression.

25. AP helped individuals become healthier and know themselves better

26. The beginning of Therapy
As a general rule, therapy starts with a thorough investigation of the patient’s conscious state. Jung felt that each person had a story to tell and that you should give them the opportunity to tell their story. (EX.)
Since the unconscious is viewed as compensatory to the conscious state, the latter has to be established first. The same dream, for example, can have multiple interpretations depending on the conscious attitude.