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Continental Drift Alfred Wegener – 1915 Continental Jigsaw Puzzle

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Presentation on theme: "Continental Drift Alfred Wegener – 1915 Continental Jigsaw Puzzle"— Presentation transcript:

1 Continental Drift Alfred Wegener – 1915 Continental Jigsaw Puzzle
Fossils Matched across the sea Common rock types (Africa and Appalachian) Ancient Climates

2 Fossil and Rock Evidence

3 Rejected There was no credible mechanism for the movement of continents

4 Theory of Plate Tectonics
WWII oceanographers – large picture of the ocean floor. Ocean ridges Ocean drilling – established the age of the ocean floor Paleomagnetism

5 Age of Ocean Floor

6 paleomagnetism

7 Plate boundaries

8 Divergent boundaries

9 Plate boundaries – pacific view

10 Rift zone

11 Convergent boundaries

12 Volcanic formation

13 Transform boundary

14 Ring of Fire

15

16 How is sediment formed Weathering Mass wasting Erosion

17 Weathering Rocks are broken down to sediment through the process of either Mechanical weathering Chemical weathering

18 Mechanical Weathering
Physical breaking up of rock - disintegration Rock is broken into smaller pieces Frost Wedging Sheeting Biological activity

19 Frost Wedging

20 Sheeting

21 Biological weathering

22 Chemical Weathering Alters internal structure of the mineral by removing and/or adding elements Oxidation Carbonic Acid

23 Oxidation Water is the agent of chemical weathering.
Oxygen dissolved in water will oxidize iron-rich minerals

24 Carbonic acid Carbon dioxide dissolved in water forms a weak acid. This weak acid will react with mineral elements; breaking the rock down.

25 Mass Wasting The transfer of rock and soil downslope, under the influence of gravity. Mudslide Rockslide Earthflow slump

26

27 Triggers of Mass Wasting
Over saturation of land Over steepened slopes Loss of vegetation Earthquakes

28 Erosion The physical removal of material by a mobile agent such as flowing water, waves, wind or ice Water Wind

29 Combination of sediment and organic matter
Soil Combination of sediment and organic matter

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