1. Basics of Magnetism
Ch. 1

2. USES OF MAGNETISM FIND YOUR WAY OUT OF THE WOODS PICK UP STUFF
PROTECT YOU FROM COSMIC RADIATION
SHUT OFF ELECTRICITY IF CURRENT GETS TOO HIGH
TAKE A LOOK INSIDE YOUR BODY
PICK UP STUFF
HANG STUFF FROM YOUR REFRIDGERATOR
FORCE TO DRIVE TRAINS
KEYS TO GET INTO DOORS
CREATE ELECTRICITY
HELP ANIMALS MIGRATE

3. Magnetism Attractive force between objects made of magnetic materials
Lodestone  magnetite
Characteristics
Magnetic pole
Every magnet has a North and a South Pole
Likes repel; unlikes attract
Magnetic field – area around a magnet where the magnetic force can be observed

4. Magnetism
Magnetic Domains – clusters of atoms inside a material that acts like a magnet
Aligned same direction  magnetic
Random arrangement  NOT magnetic
Ferromagnetic material – domains are arranged easily
Iron, nickel, cobalt
Destroying Magnets – disrupt the domains
Impact – dropping, smashing, hammering
Heating
Breaking Magnets
Two new magnets, each with North and South Poles

5. Magnetism Making Magnets - Align the domains
Rub magnet in one direction
Place magnet in magnetic field of another magnet
Domain will align in same direction of the field
Compass – needle aligns with Earth’s Magnetic Field
Electromagnets – current carrying wire (solenoid) wrapped around a ferromagnetic material (core)
Power of the magnetism depends on
1) number of coils
2) strength of current
3) type of core material

6. Earth as a Magnet Acts like a huge bar magnet
near geographic North and South Poles
Magnetic Declination – difference between magnetic poles and Geographic Poles
Depends on where you are
Figure 13, Page 26
Circulation of molten rock in core
Reverses over time
Pattern observed in rocks containing iron

8. Earth as a Magnet Magnetosphere Earth’s magnetic field
Shaped by solar winds – electrical particles coming from the sun
Causes it to be spread out on side away from sun
Protects us from too much radiation
Van Allen Belts
Aurora – charged particles from the sun interacting with our atmosphere
Most common near poles
Aurora borealis – Northern Lights
Aurora australis – Southern Lights