1. Lectured by: Miss yanna queencer telaumbanua, m.pd.
Reading skill
Lectured by:
Miss yanna queencer telaumbanua, m.pd.

2. f. Active, Receptive and Throw-away Vocabulary
Three categories of known words:
Knowing well enough words and using them  active
Recognizing, more or less understand but are not yet sifficiently sure of to use (responding them but never use and may not completely understand)  receptive
Ignoring what is not important for their immediate purpose  throw-away

3. Continued...
Active vocabulary: words we know well enough to use ourselves.
Receptive vocabulary: words we understand approximately when we meet them, but can’t use.
Receptive vocabulary can be active vocabulary if exposure to the language is found continuously.
Throw-away vocabulary: not all words we meet are worth learning, it depends on the context.

4. Continued...
So, don’t spend much time to have a great deal of attention to every detail of a text, except for intensive reading but not need to master so completely.

5. g. learning to ignore difficult words
Ability to decide what s/he can safely ignore.
Skilled reader
Practice d under teacher’s guidance
Wrong
Dangerous

6. Continued... Before reading While reading After reading 3 questions
Before ignoring words
While reading
After reading

7. Continued... Questions Why? Answerable Unanswerable A Very Skilled one
Competent reader

8. Continued...
Helping the students to recognize what they do not understand
3 strategies
Helping the students to locate the sources of difficulty
Giving them strategies for coping with the difficulty when they have found it

9. Continued... No key or hard and fast rules which words to be ignored
Practice in identifying the sources of difficulty
Make the students aware that this approach is necessary
Judge whether a word is worth attending to or not
No key or hard and fast rules which words to be ignored

10. Try to complete texts without looking up any words
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Some suggestions
Possible to get gist in incomplete texts without understanding every word
Try to complete texts without looking up any words
Identify the words they really must look up containing new words + simple questions
Allow them to look up the new words to assurre the well enough understanding to answer questions

11. h. what makes words difficult?
Idioms
Transfer of meaning
Words with several meaning
Irony
Subtechnical vocabulary
Synonyms and antonyms
Superordinates

12. Assure the students have noticed and understood the idioms in the text
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Idioms
Idiom is a lexical meaning consisting of several words, with a meaning that cannot be deduced from the meaning of the individual words.
For example:
He was beside himself.
I can’t go through with it.
They solved it once and for all.
Assure the students have noticed and understood the idioms in the text

13. Continued... beside oneself (with something)
Fig. in an extreme state of some emotion. I was beside myself with joy. 
Sarah could not speak. She was beside herself with anger.
If you are beside yourself with a particular feeling or emotion, it is so strong that it makes you almost out of control:He was beside himself with grief when she died.

14. Continued... Transfer of meaning
Metaphor, metonimy and similar kinds of transferred meaning are always potential problems.
Metaphor always involves an implicit comparison between A and B
To know it is metaphor by analyzing what A and B have in common that is relevant to the context.
For example: galloping inflation: comparison between galloping and a horse

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20. Continued... Some approaches to do
Identify the two terms of the comparison, A and B
Identify the characteristics of A and B that are relevant
Check that your interpretation makes sense in the context

21. Words with several meaning
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Any word has more than one meaning.
Dangerous misunderstanding when the words used in specialized senses by the writer in specialized fields.
Some things can be done for this:
Alert the students to the occurence of unexpected meanings
Train them to use common sense in deciding whether to accept a familiar meaning/ to check whether another is possible.

22. Continued...
3. Supply sentences which words are used with unfamiliar meanings. 4. Ask them to select the appropriate one from several defintions 5. Study a technical text 6. List all the words used in ways that differ from the usual ones. 7. Use dictionary to select the meanings to context.

23. Subtechnical vocabulary
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Subtechnical vocabulary
This is about ESP.
It is difficult with the specialized technical jargon and in specialized disciplines.
Some trouble words:
Average
Approximate
Effect
Combination
Determine
Problem in conceptual than linguistics

24. Continued... Superordinates
Superordinates are words of more general meaning viewed in relation to other words of more specific meaning which could also be referred to by the more general term.
For example:
Superordinate: building
Hyponyms: house, school, factory, cinema, hotel

25. Synonyms and antonyms
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Synonym
Antonym

26. Continued...
Irony

27. continued...
Irony

28. i. Using a dictionary

29. For your attention... Any thing to be discussed?

31. THE