1. Communication Technology within an organization
Copyright Texas Education Agency (TEA)

2. Computers are machines that carry out instructions given by a human
What is a Computer?
Computers are machines that carry out instructions given by a human

3. Copyright Texas Education Agency (TEA)
Types of Computer
Desktop
Laptop
Tablet
Copyright Texas Education Agency (TEA)

4. Copyright Texas Education Agency (TEA)
Other Computers
Mainframe
Server
Embedded Computer
Games console
Copyright Texas Education Agency (TEA)

5. Copyright Texas Education Agency (TEA)
Parts of a computer
INPUT
PROCESS
OUTPUT
STORAGE
Copyright Texas Education Agency (TEA)

6. Two main parts to a computer:
HARDWARE
SOFTWARE
Copyright Texas Education Agency (TEA)

7. Four main types of device in a computer
Input device
Central Processing Unit
Storage device
Output device
Copyright Texas Education Agency (TEA)

8. SOFTWARE
List of instructions called program. It tells the computer WHAT TO DO.
Copyright Texas Education Agency (TEA)

9. Understanding How Networks Communicate
Topic:
Understanding How Networks Communicate

10. You will learn (Objective/Goal):
Basic networked communications and services
Components essential to a network
Determine limitations of area networks
People have communicated with each other for many years in several different ways. In 1775, Ben Franklin was appointed the first Postmaster General by the Continental Congress. Since the Pony Express in 1860, America has been a force which has allowed individuals to communicate with each other through a series of postal mail services. A more common means in today’s society is mobile phones. The concept of the cellular phone was developed in 1947 which originated from the mobile car phone. The concept of the cellular phone was produced by Bell Laboratories.
• The first actual cell phone was made in 1973 by Martin Cooper of Motorola and other assisting inventors who used the idea of the car phone and applied the technology necessary to make a portable cell phone possible. Cell phones were first made available to the public in Back then, they were very large, expensive instruments. Just like the cell phone, computers too were very large and expensive.
• Introduce students to the idea of networking by describing social networking. The most prominent of communicating utilized today are described by social network sites. Ask students to explain ways that networking has changed society in the last 5 years. Do they feel that social network sites have impacted their lives?
Copyright Texas Education Agency (TEA)

11. Communication in America
1773 – Origination of postal services
Today’s prominent communication
1973-first cell phone created
1984-cell phones made available to the public

12. Copyright Texas Education Agency (TEA)
Network Process
Copyright Texas Education Agency (TEA)

13. Copyright Texas Education Agency (TEA)

14. Videos Click the link below to start video
Computer Networking Post-Secondary Options: Life after high school
Computer Networking Tutorial Introduction to Networking
Use complete sentences to answer the following:
1. Why were computer networks built?
2. Describe the 3 main types of computer networks?
3. What is a node and give three examples?
4. Explain how nodes are connected and describe the two most common types.
Copyright Texas Education Agency (TEA)

15. Computer Network Video 2
Tutorial Networking Basics 0Q&feature=relmfu
Use complete sentences to answer the following:
What is another name for a Personal Computer?
Describe the process of a HOST and a CLIENT.
Explain the purpose of a SERVER. Give an example.
Explain the importance of a Network Interface Card.
Copyright Texas Education Agency (TEA)

16. Copyright Texas Education Agency (TEA)
Define Networking
Connecting computers to share information and resources
Involves physical connections and software
Vital to modern-day workplace
Copyright Texas Education Agency (TEA)

17. Copyright Texas Education Agency (TEA)
Why Use a Network?
Groups of users share and exchange data
Communication is easier
Copyright Texas Education Agency (TEA)

18. Copyright Texas Education Agency (TEA)
Fundamentals
In it’s basic form, two computers connected with a cable
Data is shared efficiently
Offers access to peripheral devices: printers, scanners, fax machines
Copyright Texas Education Agency (TEA)

19. Copyright Texas Education Agency (TEA)
Network Process
Copyright Texas Education Agency (TEA)

20. Standalone and Sneakernet Old alternatives to networking
Standalone computer
Single computer not attached to a network
Cannot match power and convenience of network
“Sneakernet”
Passing floppy disk from machine to machine
Floppy disk
Copyright Texas Education Agency (TEA)

21. Lets look at the past….. LANS and Internetworks –
Early networks – custom-built, expensive, severe restrictions
Early Ethernet – no more than 30 users with total span of 607 feet
Local area network (LAN) – works within limited geographic area
Building block for constructing larger networks, called internetworks
Internetwork – network 100 or more computers at distances in excess of 1000 feet
Copyright Texas Education Agency (TEA)

22. Copyright Texas Education Agency (TEA)
WANS and the Internet
Wide area network (WAN) – spans distances measured in miles; links two or more separate LANS
Metropolitan area network (MAN) – uses WAN technology to interconnect LANs within a specific geographic region
Internet – global WAN internetwork; includes millions of machines and users worldwide
Copyright Texas Education Agency (TEA)

23. Copyright Texas Education Agency (TEA)
Networking Lexicon
Must understand specialized networking vocabulary, including
Server — shares resources across network, typically with more central processing unit (CPU) power and storage capacity than other computers
Client — accesses shared resources
Request-response — client requests information; server responds by providing information
Client-server relationship — see Figure 1-3
Peer-to-peer — computers share and request resources from one another
Copyright Texas Education Agency (TEA)

24. Copyright Texas Education Agency (TEA)
Network Medium
Computers share access to common network medium that carries signals from one computer to another
What is a Medium:
A medium may be physical cable, such as twisted pair, coaxial, or fiber-optic
Medium may be wireless
Physical interface to medium is usually network interface card (NIC) or network adapter
Kind of medium dictates type of connector and limits number and type of devices as well as distance a single LAN can span
Copyright Texas Education Agency (TEA)

25. Copyright Texas Education Agency (TEA)
Protocols
Network protocols – a common set of rules which
define how to interpret signals,
identify individual computers,
initiate and end networked communication,
manage information exchange across network medium
Include TCP/IP, NetBEUI, IPX/SPX, and NWLink
Copyright Texas Education Agency (TEA)

26. Copyright Texas Education Agency (TEA)
Software
Network software issues requests and responses
Network operating system (NOS) controls which computers and users access network resources
Include both client and server components
Popular NOSs include Windows .NET Server, Windows XP, Windows 2000, Windows NT, and Novell NetWare
Network applications access the network
Include programs,
web browsers,
network-oriented utilities
Copyright Texas Education Agency (TEA)

27. Network Services include:
file and print services, file-sharing, , and other capabilities
Network communications are layered
Network applications use NOS or client networking software to get network protocol to access medium
Medium exchanges information with other computers
Copyright Texas Education Agency (TEA)

28. Copyright Texas Education Agency (TEA)
Summary
Basic elements of networks include networking medium (cabling) and computers with physical interface (network adapter) to medium
Computers must also have network protocol and network software to send and receive messages across network
In order for two devices to communicate successfully they must have a least one protocol in common.
Network services include file sharing, printing, , and other messaging services
Copyright Texas Education Agency (TEA)

29. Use Cornell Note Strip Attach to your note packet
Review your notes and complete both sides of the strip.
Turn in to class tray

30. Copyright Texas Education Agency (TEA)
Vocabulary Activity:
Open a blank Word document.
Insert HEADER at top right corner to include
(Full name, BIM I class period, DATE)
Use NUMBERING format found in PARAGRAPH group of MS Word (auto numbering) and type each vocabulary term found on the next page.
Using your own words and your notes define each network term.
Print this list out to printer G double sided.
Copyright Texas Education Agency (TEA)

31. Networking Terms & Questions:
Desktop Software
Sharing
Peripheral Devices
Groups of users
Electronic Mail ( )
Device Sharing
Standalone Computer
Ethernet
Local Area Network (LAN)
Internetwork
Wide Area Network (WAN)
Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
Internet
Nodes
Host
Client
Server
NIC
Network Medium
Network Protocols
Network Software
Network Operating System
Network Applications
Network Services
Workstation
Why use a network?
What are the 3 main types of Networks?

32. Copyright Texas Education Agency (TEA)
Quick Assessment – Network and Networking Concepts Print out this page and complete this Quiz. You may use your notes but NOT your neighbor
Name three examples of peripheral devices that can be shared on a network (9 pts) 1. 2. 3.
True or False: WAN reaches over 30 miles and is the largest type of network. (1 point)
In order for two devices to communicate successfully they must have a least one in common. (1 point)
Windows 2000 and Novell NetWare are examples of a (1point)
Copyright Texas Education Agency (TEA)