1. Chapter 5 Populations

2. What is a population?
A. Consists of all individuals of a species that live together in one place at a time.
What are some examples of a population that live in an ocean?
What is population density?
A. Number of individuals of a particular specie that live in a given area.

3. How could we find the population density of Oxford?
About how many people live in Oxford?
A. 5,000
B. 8,000
C. 10,000
D. IDK

4. What other information do we need to find out the population density of Oxford?
What is the area of Oxford?
A. 1 square mile
B. 2 square miles
C. 6 square miles
D. IDK
A. 2 square miles.

5. 5,000 people
2.00 square miles
= About 2,500 people per square mile in Oxford.

6. Population in West Chester is 23,214.
Area is 1.84 square miles.
Will the population density in West Chester be bigger or small than Oxford?
Bigger
About 12,616 people per square mile in West Chester.

7. Which city will have the highest population density
Which city will have the highest population density? Oxford, West Chester, or Philadelphia?
How many people live in Philadelphia?
A. 500,000
B. 1,500,000
C. 2,000,000
D. 4,000,000
B. 1,528,074 people live in Philadelphia

8. Philadelphia is 135.1 square miles.
1,528,074 people / square miles = 11,312 people per square mile.
Oxford= 2,500 people per square mile
Philadelphia= 11,312 people per square mile
West Chester= 12,616 people per square mile

9. Why is Philadelphia’s population density smaller than West Chester when it is so much bigger?
Certain areas may be uninhabitable.
Philadelphia has more stadiums, airports, restaurants, roads, etc than West Chester.
More people move in and out of Philadelphia.
West Chester could be more desirable.
West Chester is awesome!

10. 5.1 How Populations Grow
Populations can be distributed in three different ways.
1. Random
2. Uniform
3. Clumped

11. Age structure:
The number of males and females of each age a population contains.

12. Population Growth How are some ways population can grow or decrease?
Birth rate and death rate
Immigration and emigration.
What factors affect population growth?
Competition, season, food.

13. Immigration:
When individuals move into a population.
Emigration:
When individuals move out of a population.

14. What will happen to a population that has all the food, space, and mates it needs?
Increase!

15. Exponential growth:
Population multiplies by a constant factor at a constant time interval.
J shape curve:

16. What will happen to the population as food, space, and mates become limited?
Increase first, then begin to stabilize.
Logistic growth:
Population slowly grows, then stops.
S shape curve:

17. Population of deer. We put a small amount of deer on a remote island
Population of deer. We put a small amount of deer on a remote island. The island was lush for green grass. What happened to the deer population over time?

18. Carrying capacity:
Is the maximum number of individuals of a particular species that the environment can normally and consistently support.

19. 5.2 Limits to Growth
What are some things that can limit a population’s growth?
Natural Disasters
Unusual Weather
Mates
Disease
Competition

20. Limiting factors:
Factors that controls the growth of a population.
Natural Disasters
Unusual Weather
Mates
Disease
Competition

21. Limiting Factors Density-Dependent Limiting Factor:
When population density-the number of organisms per unit area- reaches a certain level.
Examples?
Disease
Competition
Predation

22. Limiting Factors Density-Independent Limiting Factor:
Affect all populations regardless of population size and density.
Examples?
Natural disaster
Hurricanes
Drought
Fires

23. What is this?

24. The stink bug is an introduced species.
Organisms that humans move from species native land to new areas.
Ex.
Kudzu plant from Japan to stop erosion.

25. 5.3 Human Population Growth
How has human population size changed over time?
Steady increase for thousand of years, rapid increase, eventually going to level off.

26. Why did the human population increase?
Changes in human culture
Wide scale farming provided more food
Death rates decline because of medicine

27. As of 2015, there are 3 people left born in the 1897s.

28. Are all countries the same in population growth?
No.
Demography:
The scientific study of human populations.
Which country has one of the highest population density's?
Japan. 1,417 people per square km.

29. What is the population density for the United States?
USA is 33.8 people per square km.
What is the population density of Pennsylvania?
Pennsylvania has a 110 people per square km.

30. United States, Japan, and much of Europe’s population has slowed dramatically.
We are going through demographic transition.
Demographic transition:
Dramatic change from high birthrates and death rates to low birthrates and death rates.

31. Age Structure Age Structure:
Population is the proportion of people in different age groups.

32. Who would have a higher elderly population? USA or Guatemala?
Who would have a higher newborn population? USA or Guatemala?

34. Wolves back in the park