1. Warm Up
What are convection currents and in what layer of the earth do they occur?
In what layer do plate tectonics occur?
What does a tectonic plate consist of?
The asthenosphere only
The oceanic crust and continental crust only
The crust and the uppermost mantle
What does the theory of plate tectonics help scientists explain?
What is the rigid outer layer of Earth called, which is made up of the crust and uppermost mantle?
What is the driving force for movement of the lithospheric plates?

2. Table of Contents (Unit 3)
Left Side Items
Page
Right Side Items
Layers of Earth Foldable
Earth Layers & Convection Currents CN
Convection Article
Plate Boundaries CN
Graham Cracker Lab
Plate Boundaries Card Sort
Page
AVID Strategy W I C O R
Layers of Earth Foldable
Graham Cracker Lab
Plate Boundaries Card Sort

3. Objective and LEQ
Objective: SWBAT analyze the relationship between the type of tectonic plate boundary and the land formations that develop.
LEQ: How do the plates of the lithosphere interact and what are the outcomes?

4. Activating Strategy! What happens when two cars crash into each other?
What happens when you rub your hand against carpet?
What happens when you pull apart a Snicker’s candy bar?
What did you do yesterday to make sure you are reaching your goal? What are you going to do today?
**Get started on definitions from lab handout!!**

5. Inappropriate Behaviors for Lab Activity
Talking/disruptive while teacher or student who has been called on is talking
Calling out before being called on
Head down/off-task/out of seat
Disrespect-talking back when consequence is received or refusing to respond (e.g. Refuse to change seats)
Unprepared for class (e.g. no pencil)

6. Star Students Outstanding Behavior in Classroom
Follow directions the first time
Class leaders

7. *REVIEW (Exit Ticket from yesterday)
What is convection?
Where does convection take place in the earth?
What is the heat source for the convection?
How does convection relate to how the plates move?
How much do lithospheric plates move each year?

9. PLATE BOUNDARIES LAB
As a class, we will follow the directions for each of the four Parts.
After each part of the lab (4 Parts), there will be questions to answer.
Answer the questions in complete sentences on your own sheet.
Do not begin the next part of the lab until you have finished the questions for the previous part.

10. PART 1 Method Convergent (Continental & Oceanic)
1. Remove one graham cracker. 2. Lay a graham cracker and the science textbook end to end (against each other). The graham cracker represents the thin but dense oceanic plate and the science textbook represents the thicker but less dense continental plate. Now you are ready to model a convergent plate boundary. 3. Slowly push the graham cracker and science textbook toward each other. Gently push the graham cracker under the textbook; you will have to lift the textbook in order to do this. This models what occurs on Earth’s surface as an oceanic plate is subducted under a continental plate. 4. Make observations and answer questions for Part 1.

11. Convergent (Continental & Oceanic)
PART 1 Observations & Qs
Convergent (Continental & Oceanic)
What type of plate does the textbook represent?
What type of plate does the graham cracker represent?
What happens when a piece of crust is subducted? Describe what you see
Where does this type of boundary activity take place on Earth?
What features are formed along the subduction zone (p 262)? ________________ and _______________
Draw a picture to show what happened at this boundary. Label each type of plate.

13. PART 2 Method Divergent (Oceanic & Oceanic)
1. Break a whole graham cracker in half following the perforations on the cracker. You should have two graham cracker squares.
2. Using a plastic knife/spoon, spread a thin (about the thickness of a playing card) layer of frosting on the center of the paper towel
3. Lay the two pieces of graham cracker on the frosting and gently pressing down push them together. Now you are ready to begin modeling a divergent plate boundary.
4. To imitate the result of diverging oceanic plates, press down lightly on the crackers as you slowly push them apart. Do not push the crackers more than one centimeter.
5. Make observations and answer questions for Part 2.

14. Divergent (Oceanic & Oceanic)
PART 2 Observations & Qs
Divergent (Oceanic & Oceanic)
What happens to the frosting between the graham crackers, how does it look?
What do each of the graham crackers represent?
What does the frosting represent?
Where does this type of plate boundary activity take place on Earth?
What type of feature is produced by this type of plate movement?
Draw a picture to show what happened at this boundary. Label each type of plate.

16. PART 3 Method Convergent (Continental x2)
Reuse the two graham cracker squares used in Part 1 and Part 2.
Break the graham cracker into four rectangles following the perforations. Set aside two graham cracker pieces for Part 4.
Using two graham cracker rectangles, dip one end of both graham crackers about 2 centimeters into a cup of water. Immediately remove the crackers and lay them end to end on the frosting with the wet edges nearly touching. Now you are ready to model a convergent plate boundary.
Slowly push the two graham crackers together, modeling the convergence between two continental plates. The wet end of the graham crackers will curl and fold upwards as the graham crackers are pushed together.
Make observations and answer questions for part 3.

17. Convergent (Continental x2)
PART 3 Observations & Qs
Convergent (Continental x2)
What does the graham cracker represent?
In what way are the wet graham crackers more like the real crustal plates than the dry graham crackers?
What feature is represented where curling and folding occurred at the ends of the wet graham cracker?
Where does this type of boundary activity take place on Earth?
Draw a picture to show what happened at this boundary. Label each type of plate.

19. PART 4 Method Transform Fault
Use the last two graham cracker pieces for this part of the lab.
Fit the two pieces together end to end on top of the frosting on the paper towel. Now you are ready to model a transform plate boundary.
Place one hand on each of the graham crackers and push them together by applying steady, moderate pressure. At the same time, also push one of the pieces away from you while pulling the other toward you. If you do this part correctly, the graham cracker should hold while you increase the push-pull pressure, but will finally break form the opposite forces.
Make observations and answer questions for part 4.

20. PART 4 Observations & Qs Transform Fault
Why is this movement often described as “horizontal sliding?”
Where does this type of boundary activity take place on Earth?
What famous fault is associated with this type of movement?
As you modeled this type of fault, nothing happened at the beginning, but as the pressure increased, the graham crackers finally broke. How is this similar to the situation in California
Draw a picture to show what happened at this boundary. Label each type of plate.

22. Chart from Graham Cracker Lab
CONVERGENT
DIVERGENT
TRANSFORM
DRAW
DESCRIBE
FEATURES
LITHOSPHERE CREATED/
DESTROYED/NEITHER
REAL WORLD

23. Chart from Graham Cracker Lab
CONVERGENT
DIVERGENT
TRANSFORM
DRAW
DESCRIBE
Plates collide/come together
Plate separate/divide
Plates slide past in opposite directions
FEATURES
Mountains,
Rift valleys, Oceanic ridges
Earthquakes
LITHOSPHERE CREATED/
DESTROYED/NEITHER
Destroyed
Created
Neither
REAL WORLD
Himalayas
African Rift Valley
San Andreas fault

24. Cornell Notes!
Write what is in RED!!!

25. What happens at convergent boundaries?
Plate collide/come together.
What features are created?
Mountains
What happens to the lithosphere?
Destroyed
IRL: Himalayan Mountains

26. What happens at a divergent boundary?
Plates move apart/separate.
What features are created?
Rift valleys
Oceanic ridges
What happens to the lithosphere?
Created
IRL: African Rift Valley

27. What happens at transform fault boundaries?
Plates slide horizontally
What feature occurs?
Earthquakes
What happens to the lithosphere?
Neither created nor destroyed.
IRL: San Andreas Fault

28. PLATE BOUNDARIES
This is Ms. Guffey with her sister, Emilie, and her brother, Alex.
Emilie
Alex

29. DIVERGENT BOUNDARY
After high school, Ms. Guffey moved away to Wilmington, NC for college. Ms. Guffey diverged from her sisters.

30. CONVERGENT BOUNDARY
After college, Ms. Guffey and her sister Emilie moved to Columbia, SC. Ms. Guffey and Emilie converged.

31. TRANSFORM FAULT BOUNDARY
Ms. Guffey and Airell were always bumping into one another. This caused earthquakes
Airell

32. WHAT
TYPE
OF BOUNDARY?

33. WHAT
TYPE
OF BOUNDARY?
What type of plate is the arrow below pointing to?

34. WHAT
TYPE
OF BOUNDARY?
The picture below shows the San Andreas fault in California. Many earthquakes occur here. What type of fault is this?

35. WHAT
TYPE
OF BOUNDARY?

36. WHAT
TYPE
OF BOUNDARY?
What type of landform is created by the boundary below?

37. WHAT
TYPE
OF BOUNDARY?
What is indicated by the arrow below?

38. WHAT
TYPE
OF BOUNDARY?

39. WHAT
TYPE
OF BOUNDARY?
What type of boundary leads to the destruction of lithosphere?

40. WHAT
TYPE
OF BOUNDARY?
What type of boundary leads to the formation of lithosphere?

41. WHAT
TYPE
OF BOUNDARY?
What type of boundary neither forms or destroys the lithosphere?

42. WHAT
TYPE
OF BOUNDARY?
What type of plate is the arrow below pointing to?

43. WHAT
TYPE
OF BOUNDARY?
Which layer of the earth is the smiley face on?

44. WHAT
TYPE
OF BOUNDARY?
What process inside the earth is shown in the picture below?

45. WHAT
TYPE
OF BOUNDARY?
What type of boundary formed the mountains in the picture below? What type of plates form this boundary?

46. WHAT
TYPE
OF BOUNDARY?
What type of boundary is shown in the picture below?

47. WHAT
TYPE
OF BOUNDARY?
What type of boundary formed the mountains in the picture below?

48. WHAT
TYPE
OF BOUNDARY?
Which type of boundary is the arrow pointing to?

49. WHAT
TYPE
OF BOUNDARY?
What do scientists call the area that is circled below?

50. PLATE TECTONICS
PLATE TECTONICS
for Earth Scientists

51. PLATE TECTONICS NAME OF BOUNDARY DEFINE
Describe what happens here in at least two sentences
CHARACTERISTICS
Is lithosphere created, destroyed, or neither? Explain your answer.
EXAMPLES
What is a real life example?
CONVERGENT: p
DIVERGENT: p
TRANSFORM FAULT: p264
Label major features: subduction zone, trench, lithosphere, asthenosphere

52. PLATE BOUNDARIES BOOK CONVERGENT: p 261-263 DIVERGENT: p 258-260
TRANSFORM FAULT: p 264
First & Last Name
Color Block
Date 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
10.

53. PLATE TECTONICS
REAL LIFE EXAMPLES
Convergent
Divergent
Transform

54. Himalayan Mountains At the border of India and Asia.
Tallest mountain range in the world and includes Mount Everest.

55. Himalayan Mountains

56. East African Rift Valley
Located in East Africa.
Runs for thousands of miles.
Has created great lakes and the largest waterfall in the world.
This is the beginning of the breakup of a continent. As the rifting continues, it will lengthen and deepen and eventually will split the continent and in two.

57. East African Rift Valley

58. San Andres Fault
The San Andreas Fault is a continental transform boundary that runs a length of roughly 810 miles through California
It forms the tectonic boundary between the Pacific Plate and the North American Plate.
It is the most studied fault on the planet.

59. San Andres Fault

60. What type of boundary occurs where two plates crush into one another?
Tectonic plate boundary
Divergent boundary
Convergent boundary
Transform fault boundary
2) Ryan is visiting the mountains in Colorado. What type of tectonic plate boundary is Ryan near?
3) What happens at a divergent boundary?
The two plates move towards each other.
The two plates move away from each other.
One plate is forced underneath the other plate
The two plates grind past one another
Exit Ticket

61. Exit Ticket 4) Which type of plate boundary destroys lithosphere?
4) Which type of plate boundary destroys lithosphere?
Tectonic plate boundary
Divergent boundary
Convergent boundary
Transform fault boundary
5) What was the main question that the theory of plate tectonics answered?
How the earth rotates on its axis
How new rocks are formed
How the weather happens
How were the continents able to move from Pangaea to their present location