1. Earth compared to the rest of the universe
Making comparisons
Earth compared to the rest of the universe

2. Content
Comparisons using: ‘the same as’, ‘similar (to)’, ‘different (from)’
Comparisons using ‘like’ and ‘alike’
The comparative using ‘-er’ and ‘more’
The superlative using ‘est’ and ’most’
Using ‘one of’ + superlative + ‘plural noun’
Comparisons with adverbs
AS adjective / adverb AS
8. THE...THE with comparative adjectives

3. 1. THE SAME (AS), SIMILIAR (TO), DIFFERENT (FROM)
Maura and Laura are the same.
Maura is the same as Laura.
SIMILAR (TO)
Mike and Jenny are similar.
Mike is similar to Jenny.
DIFFERENT (FROM)
Ela and Hannah are different.
Ella is different from Hannah.

4. like = similar to alike = similar a) Your bag is like my bag.
2. COMPARISONS USING ‘like’ AND ‘alike’
ALIKE
I have a blue bag with two pockets.
You have a blue bag with two pockets.
a) Your bag is like my bag.
b) Your bag and my bag are alike.
c) Our bags are alike.
like = similar to
same
meaning
alike = similar

5. 3. THE COMPARATIVE USING “-er” AND “more”
(a) Jane is taller than Martha.
(b) Happiness is more important than money.
To compare two persons or things:
adjective er
more adjective
+ than

6. big old cheap funny pretty bigger older cheaper funnier prett ier
16-3 THE COMPARATIVE: USING -ER AND MORE
ADJECTIVE COMPARATIVE
big
old
cheap
funny
pretty
bigger
ADJECTIVES WITH
ONE SYLLABLE
ADJECTIVES THAT END IN -Y
older
cheaper
funnier
prett
ier

7. ADJECTIVE COMPARATIVE
16-3 THE COMPARATIVE: USING -ER AND MORE
ADJECTIVE COMPARATIVE
famous
important
interesting
good
bad
far
little
more famous
more important
more interesting
ADJECTIVES WITH
TWO OR MORE
SYLLABLES
IRREGULAR COMPARATIVE FORMS
better
worse
farther/further
less

8. 4. THE SUPERLATIVE USING “-est” & “most”
His grandmother is the oldest in their family.
This is the most crowded street in the city.

9. old big pretty older bigger prettier the oldest the biggest
16-4 THE SUPERLATIVE: USING -EST AND MOST
ADJECTIVE COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE
ADJECTIVES
WITH ONE
SYLLABLE
ADJECTIVES THAN END
IN ‘-y’
old
big
pretty
older
bigger
prettier
the oldest
the biggest
the prettiest

10. more expensive important the most expensive important expensive
16-4 THE SUPERLATIVE: USING -EST AND MOST
ADJECTIVE COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE
ADJECTIVES
WITH TWO
OR MORE SYLLABLES
more
expensive
important
the most
expensive
important
expensive
important

11. good better bad worse far farther/ further little less the least
16-4 THE SUPERLATIVE: USING -EST AND MOST
ADJECTIVE COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE
good
bad
far
little
the best
the worst
the
farthest/
furthest
the least
better
worse
farther/
further
less
IRREGULAR FORMS

12. One of the + superlative + plural noun
5. Using ‘one of’ + superlative + ‘plural noun’
SING ONE OF + SUPERLATIVE + PLURAL NOUN
a) English is one of the easiest subjects.
b) The Faculty of Economics is one of the most
influential faculties in the country.
c) Jackson is one of the best students at the faculty.
One of the + superlative + plural noun

13. a) Jamie works more quickly than Pat (does).
6. MAKING COMPARISONS WITH ADVERBS
COMPARATIVE
a) Jamie works more quickly than Pat (does).
b) Ben works the most quickly of all.
SUPERLATIVE
SUPERLATIVE
adverbs ending in -ly
the most
carefully
neatly
slowly

14. -er and -est with irregular adverbs
16-8 MAKING COMPARISONS WITH ADVERBS
-er and -est with irregular adverbs
hard, fast, early, late
COMPARATIVE
a) Angie works faster than Debbie (does).
b) Melissa works the fastest of all.
COMPARATIVE
c) Most people sing better than I (do).
SUPERLATIVE forms of
(f) Steve sings the best of all WELL
SUPERLATIVE
-er and -est with irregular adverbs

15. 7. AS adjective / adverb AS
COMPARISON OF EQUALITY Jack’s as tall as Robert. She runs as fast as her brother. She speaks French as well as you.
COMPARISON OF INEQUALITY
Jim’s not as tall as Peter.
She doesn’t run as fast as her sister.
She doesn’t speak German as well as you.

16. 8. THE...THE with comparative adjectives
used to show proportionate increase or decrease
The less I see him the more I like him.
The more he reads, the less he understands.
The older we grow, the wiser we become.
The higher you climb, the colder it gets.
The richer one grows, the greater one’s worries.
The less you spend, the more you save
The more difficult it is, the less I know.

17. The end